when the income a nation’s residents earn from exports equals money paid for imports. Spot exchange rate: The exchange rate at which a foreign exchange dealer will convert one currency into another that particular day. Carry trade: A kind of speculation that involves borrowing in one currency where interest rates are low‚ and then using the proceeds to invest in another currency where interest rates are high. Forward exchange: when two parties agree to exchange currency and execute a deal at some
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COST ANALYSIS OBJECTIVES INTRODUCTION MEANING DEFINITIONS TYPES OF COSTS MONETARY COSTS REAL COSTS OPPORTUNITY COSTS ECONOMIC COSTS ACCOUNTING COSTS INCREMENTAL COSTS SUNK COSTS FUTURE COSTS PRIVATE‚ EXTERNAL AND SOCIAL COSTS FIXED / SUPPLEMENTARY / OVERHEAD COSTS VARIABLE / PRIME COSTS REPLACEMENT COSTS PRODUCTION COSTS SELLING COSTS CONTROLLABLE COSTS DIRECT COSTS INDIRECT COSTS SHORT RUN COSTS CURVES LONG RUN COSTS CURVES OBJECTIVES To understand the meaning of cost. To discuss different types
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How do interest groups influence policy? Use examples to illustrate your answer. “Interest groups are no less a threat than they are an expression of freedom” (Berry‚ 1984). We start this essay with this famous quote from Berry introducing us to what exactly an interest group is. Indeed in general‚ public opinion and people unaware of an interest group’s actions might regard interest groups in a negative light. The more famous interest groups can tend to generate a lot of negative
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As the birth rates in recent years have been declined rapidly‚ the social issues that associate with older people’s social care come in quick succession. It is important to find out the way in solving these severe problems instead of ignoring. Therefore‚ this essay would analyze the approaches that different countries used and obtain the most sustainable way in order to achieve the social balance. Before comparing the elderlies’ social care approaches in different countries‚ providing the backgrounds
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ASSIGNMENT ON COST CONTROL AND COST FREDUCTION SUBMITTED BY‚ MOHAMMED NAFAISE E.K ROLL NO: 1600 COST CONTROLL & COST REDUCTION COST CONTROL The practice of managing and/or reducing business expenses. Cost controls starts by the businesses identifying what their costs are and evaluate whether those costs are reasonable and affordable .Then if necessary
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1.Consider exchange rates for your country’s currency against that of its main trading partner over the last 10 years. What trends can you see and how might these trends affect your chosen firm and/or industry? [see http://www.x-rates.com] Exchange rates come in two forms: Fixed exchange rates‚ although they produce stability and predictability‚ tend to get in the way of market forces—if a currency is kept artificially low‚ a country will tend to export too much and import too little. Trade
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this paper is to investigate the exchange rate volatility and its effects on international Trade in Bangladesh during May 2003-Dec 2008. The concept of the study is taken from one off the working papers of Bangladesh Bureau of Statistics (BBS)‚ Bangladesh Bank‚ Centre for Policy Dialogue (CPD) and leading English and Bengali Dailies in Bangladesh. INTRODUCTION The depth and intensity of exchange rate volatility and its impact on the volume of international trade was recognized during 1970s when
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Philippine International Trading Corporation (PITC)‚ a line corporation under the Department of Trade and Industry (DTI)‚ is a self-sustaining government corporation operating under its Revised Charter‚ Presidential Decree (PD) 1071 (1077) as amended. Since its establishment in 1973 as the government’s only international trading corporation‚ Philippine International Trading Corporation (PITC)‚ has been in the forefront of the Government’s economic agenda on market expansion‚ global competitiveness
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Chapter 01 Globalization True / False Questions 1. (p. 4) The notion that national economies are relatively self-contained entities is on the rise. FALSE 2. (p. 4) For the last 50 years‚ the volume of goods‚ services and investment crossing national borders has consistently expanded faster than world output. TRUE 3. (p. 4) Today‚ the world economy is fast moving toward a world in which barriers to cross-border trade and investment are declining. TRUE 4. (p. 6) The shift toward a more integrated
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WHAT ARE COSTS AND PROFITS? HUNGRY HELEN’S COOKIE FACTORY • Helen‚ the owner of the cookie factory‚ buys flour‚ sugar‚ flavorings‚ and other cookie ingredients. • She also buys the mixers and the ovens and hires workers to run the equipment. • She then sells the resulting cookies to consumers. 2 TOTAL REVENUE‚ TOTAL COST‚ AND PROFIT • The amount that Helen receives for the sale of its output (cookies) is its total revenue. • The amount that the firm pays to buy inputs (flour‚ sugar‚ workers
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