INTRODUCTION From natural gas‚ crude oils‚ and other fossil materials such as coal‚ few intermediates are produced that are not hydrocarbon compounds. The important intermediates discussed here are hydrogen‚ sulfur‚ carbon black‚ and synthesis gas. Synthesis gas consists of a nonhydrocarbon mixture (H2‚CO) obtain- able from more than one source. It is included in this chapter and is fur- ther noted in Chapter 5 in relation to methane as a major feedstock for this mixture. This chapter discusses
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system hopes to accomplish with those it places behind bars or on community supervision. A simple response might be that the purpose of these correctional sanctions is to "punish" the criminally
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What is Law? We need to be specific when refer to ’the law’ as there are two types of law in Australia: LEGISLATION‚ and CASES‚ also called ‘judge-made law’ or ‘common law’. These are also known as authoritative sources of law. Each type of law has a different origin. LEGISLATION is created by parliament. It’s also called ‘Acts’ or ‘statutes’. Legislation may also be changed or removed by parliament. Legislation may be made about any subject for which the parliament has power to make laws
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recidivism is considering the effects of incarceration‚ specific deterrence and rehabilitation. Incarceration refers to the punishment or sanction to stop an individual from committing more crimes by removing the offender from society. Deterrence refers to terminology used to indicate if a punishment stops an offender from committing additional crimes after a sanction has been implemented and fulfilled. Rehabilitation refers to a program that is sanctioned for the purpose of reducing or eliminating
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Austin‚ Hart and Kelson on Sanction as an integral part of law The term “sanction” is derived from Roman law. Sanction was originally that part of the statute which established a penalty or made other provisions for its enforcement. In the ordinary sense‚ the term sanction means mere penalty It can also be some motivating force or encouragement for the purpose of better performance and execution of laws. Meaning The term “sanction” is derived from Roman law. Sanction was originally that part
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ELDORET JUVENILE REMAND HOME “Mankind Owes the Child the Best it has to Offer” 1959 – 2nd Declaration of the Rights of the Child Location: The Eldoret Children’s Remand home is located on the eastern side of Eldoret town‚ on the Kaptagat Road‚ about 6 km from town near Limo Hospital in the vicinity of Kapsoya Estate. It falls under the Ministry of Gender‚ Youth Sports and Recreation‚ sits on a 5 acre land It was constructed in 1954 during the 2nd World War by the colonialists to cater
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Punishment versus Rehabilitation Survey of Justice and Security - AJS/502 March 17‚ 2014 Arnold Wicker Punishment versus Rehabilitation‚ there has been many debates on the effectiveness of punishment compared to the effectiveness of rehabilitation of convicted offenders in prison and under community supervision. Punishment is defined as a penalty that is imposed on an individual for doing something wrong. The term rehabilitation is defined as a way to help somebody to return
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four theories are deterrence‚ incapacitation‚ rehabilitation and restorative justice. In the early 1900’s rehabilitation had emerged as the primary theory of corrections and shaped every aspect of correctional policy and practice. Then in the 1960’s and 1970’s rehabilitation was attacked for not having evidentiary standing and in the resulting turmoil came about the other theories of deterrence‚ incapacitation and restorative justice. Rehabilitation though was unjustly thrown aside and said not
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When are sanctions most likely to work? 1. Introduction Economic sanctions‚ defined as “economic measures directed to political objectives” (Barber‚ 1979‚ p. 367)‚ are given a prominent place among the range of coercive diplomacy (George‚ Forceful persuasion: coercive diplomacy as an alternative to war‚ 1991‚ p. 5). They are praised as a good alternative to war because it seeks to persuade an opponent to cease his aggression rather than bludgeon him into stopping (George‚ Forceful persuasion:
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twenty-five years is correctional treatment programs. Although the public supports the concept of rehabilitation and treatment programs‚ there is an expectation that such programs reduce recidivism. In New York City‚ the recidivism rate in the jail system is as high as 65%. Out of 340‚000 males‚ 200‚000 black males are arrested yearly by the NYPD out of a population of 1‚200‚000 black males. Rehabilitation is a programmed effort to alter the attitudes and behaviors of inmates and improve their likelihood
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