Cash basis accounting predicts a periodic measure of performance that is used to predict future cash flows. This is the difference between cash receipts and cash payments from transactions related to providing goods and services during a reporting period. “Revenue is recognized when cash is received and expense is recognized when cash is paid”. ("Accrual basis accounting‚"). “When transactions are recorded on a cash basis‚ they affect a company’s books only once a completed exchange of value has
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Lecture note on monitoring business and accounting systems. ------------------------------------------------- internal control systems and internal controls An internal control system is the whole system of controls‚ financial and otherwise‚ established by the management in order to * Carry on the business of the enterprise in an orderly and efficient manner‚ * Ensure adherence to management policies‚ * Safeguard the assets and secure as far as possible the completeness and accuracy
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the risk of fraud does not usually relate to theft of real property‚ inventory‚ or other physical assets‚ but rather to the misappropriation of cash. These risks include the diversion of funds such as rental payments prior to their receipt by the company‚ or by schemes to wrongfully divert funds already held by the company through direct theft‚ payments to fictitious vendors or employees‚ kickback schemes‚ and the like. WHO ARE THE PERPETRATORS OF FRAUD? Perpetrators of fraud take many forms.
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Controls for Outflows ACC/544 November 12‚ 2012 Controls for Outflows Small‚ midsized‚ and large businesses need effective controls to ensure that the business has the lowest risk rate possible. The lower the risk‚ the less likely that fraud would occur. In this analysis‚ Learning Team B will provide a proposal for appropriate controls to cover cash‚ sales‚ accounts receivable‚ inventory‚ and production. The team will discuss some prevention techniques to reduce these risks and make recommendations
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WHY PROFIT DOES NOT EQUAL CASH Why is profit not equal to cash coming in? Some differences such as loans received which do not impact the profit and loss statement are pretty obvious. Others may not be as obvious but you can break them down into three main areas: - Revenue is booked at sale. In many cases a sale is recorded for accounting purposes in the profit and loss statement when a company delivers a product or service. In many cases‚ no cash has been exchanged at the time of
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document is either destroyed or concealed from government investigation. 2. Name and briefly describe the five components of COSO’s internal control framework.(10 points) The Control Environment: This relates to the control consciousness of people within the work environment/organization. This is the basis for all the other components of internal control. Risk Assessment: This refers to the organization’s
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saved up for at least 6 months in case you lose your job you have time to get a new one. If I were to get laid off from my job I would have enough money for 6 months expenses. I would have enough time to get a new job. I’d prefer compound interest. Over time the compound interest will build up and more interest into the account. After a while you make interest on the interest you have already gotten. I would prefer quarterly compounding because since it happens more often the interest turns to principal
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Internal Controls for Local Government A Training Presentation for City of Tampa’s Leaders Training Objectives What you should know after this class: • • • • • Types of risk Who commits fraud and why Internal controls - who needs them 5 internal control components What you can do! 2 What are Internal Controls? To put it simply‚ internal controls are an exercise of common sense. You are practicing good internal controls when you? • Balance your checkbook • Keep your ATM/debit card
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CFO>Capex? 4. CFO>Capex + Dividends 5. Excess Cash 6. Source of cash to pay Capex and/or Dividends 7. Were working capital accounts other than cash and cash equivalents primary sources of cash or users of cash? 8.What other major items affected cash flows? 1991 1. Major sources of cash are cash received from customers and proceeds from the issuance of common stock. Major uses of cash are cash paid to suppliers and employees and increase of accounts
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1. Under cash basis of accounting‚ revenue and expense recognition would occur when cash is received and disbursed. Contrast cash basis of accounting with accrual basis. Give suitable examples. ACCRUAL BASIS OF ACCOUNTING - An accounting basis wherein revenue and expenses are recorded in the period in which they are earned or incurred regardless of whether cash is received or disbursed in that period. This is the accounting basis that generally is required to be used in order to conform to generally
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