Internal audit’s role in effective corporate governance advisory Internal audit’s role in effective corporate governance Internal audit’s role in effective corporate governance Recent events have highlighted the critical role of boards of directors in promoting effective corporate governance. In particular‚ boards are being charged with ultimate responsibility for the effectiveness of their organisations’ internal control systems. The internal audit function plays a key
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Cost of equity and the WACC (see Table 1) Because US future risk premium ranges from 3% to 5%‚ the risk premium used in this case is 4%. In terms of unlevered beta of assets‚ we used average of the companies that is specialized for 21`only. Based on all above judgements‚ calculated cost of equity is 15.37%‚ and WACC is 12.01%. Calculation of NPVs Table 2 and Table 3 show the next 10 years cash flow of the Collinsville Plant without and with laminated graphite electrodes. Using the calculated
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8 Internal Trade 8.1 Introduction In the lesson on trade you have already been made familiar with the distinction between internal and external trade i.e. between home trade and foreign trade. You will recall that internal trade consists of exchange of goods and services between people living within the same country. In this lesson you will learn about internal trade in detail. 8.2 Objectives After studying this lesson you will be able to • • • • • • • • recall the meaning of Internal Trade; explain
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Internal customer essay The internal customer is not new‚ nor is it a purely public sector concept. The idea was first used almost forty years ago to describe different forms of administrative relationships within the private sector (Sayles‚ 1964). It stemmed from an understanding that in any organisation all staff are both the providers and receivers of services and‚ critically‚ if poor internal service exists‚ then the final service to the external customer will be diminished. The quality
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Generally‚ every organization’s performance could be enhanced if they have a sound internal control system. Internal control sys has two subcategories: A) Control environment B) Control procedures and policies @ control activities Control environment is abt attitude of board n mgt‚ whether they have integrity(honesty) and value the importance of running a sound internal control system. So‚ if their attitude is good‚ they will raise awareness and foster good attitude among ppl in the org
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Question 2 The state of entrepreneurship in South Africa is regarded as being below what is necessary to support a consistently high level of economic growth. In the following essay I will be discussing the challenges which entrepreneurs face in South Africa and the importance of entrepreneurship. The state of entrepreneurship in South Africa has many mixed reviews‚ according to Sanlam’s report on entrepreneurship from 2012 they said “South Africa’s entrepreneurial activity‚ over the past eight
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internal analysis The Cs: Culture‚ Capabilities and Composition * Culture: auditing values‚ belief and attitude Management will conduct culture audits to determine how far the quality of the employee’s working environment. One common way is by using an employee survey. From the employee survey‚ company can obtain variety of things ranging from environmental problems that exist in the organization to provide feedback to management. * Capabilities: people as strategic resources Core capabilities
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dispatched independently to approving authority. Once signed‚ the approved invoices should be sent independently to accounts payable. When the check is prepared by accounts payable‚ they should mail it directly to the third party. Under a strong internal control system‚ the employees and/or contractors should not be allowed to come in and collect checks directly. Direct contacts with accounts payable personnel make it too tempting for someone
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My thoughts about entrepreneurship Starting this essay about entrepreneurship‚ offcourse‚ I planned to write down what my opinion about entrepreneurship is. But that appeared to be a little harder than expected. To be honest‚ I am not quite sure what I think about entrepreneurship. There are many pro’s and con’s that have be to taken into consideration when thinking about being an entrepreneur. And I think ones opinion about it is influenced strongly by the examples and experiences with it in
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Role of entrepreneurship in economic development Entrepreneur An entrepreneur can be regarded as a person who has the initiative skill and motivation to set up a business or enterprise of his own and who always looks for high achievements. He is the catalyst for social change and works for the common good. They looks for opportunities‚ identifies them and seizes them mainly for economic gains. An action oriented entrepreneur is a highly calculative individual who is always willing to undertake
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