countries and between European states and their colonies expanded and inter-state relations became more frequent and more intense. Ideas for a more international approach to governance were proposed. In a pioneering textbook on international organization‚ Swords into Plowshares‚ 1964‚ Inis L. Claude describes three major innovations of governance that emerged in the 19th C: i) The Concert of Europe ii) Public International Unions iii) The Hague Conferences 3.1 The Concert of Europe This was a concert
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number and type of actors has multiplied in the process of globalization‚ great powers retain their dominant role in international security. The central element of global security governance‚ the one factor that presents a road fork between the paths to peace and to war and which also is a precondition to successful management of several other important issues‚ thus concerns the relations between the major powers. If they cooperate‚ global security governance becomes a viable opportunity. If they don’t
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arrangement Required Texts Berridge‚ G.R. Diplomacy: Theory and Practice‚ fourth edition -- The history‚ mechanisms‚ and methods of diplomacy. Freeman‚ Chas. Arts of Power: Statecraft and Diplomacy -- Discusses diplomacy as an instrument of state power and a reflection of national interests. Other readings are assigned. See class schedule that follows. Students must also keep well informed of current international affairs‚ which will serve as background for class presentations and
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milieu in which it is used by the states. The term national interest gained currency with the emergence of nation state system following the end of WWII‚ National interest become a tool to increase political control and the expansion of economic relations (Thompson‚ 1966). National interest is the long term and continuing ends established by states for which they manoeuvre and acts. All and sundry states are bound to procure these goals. Some countries of west Europe in order to gain their interest
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understanding as risk minimization Introduced in the introduction in this chapter‚ I will first review existing literature on international relations theorists in narrating hedging strategy. Linking dictionary definition on the word hedge‚ hedging strategy means to prevent any loss in state’s pursuit of national interests from making strategic adversary in an uncertain international system by presenting overtly the strategic indeterminacy. Hedging strategy is‚ hence‚ a risk-aversive strategy in preventing
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DEFINITION OF FOREIGN POLICY Foreign Policy can be defined as “Relations between sovereign states. It is a reflection of domestic politics and an interaction among sovereign states. It indicates the principles and preferences on which a country wants to establish relations with another country.” WHY IT IS NECESSORY FOR A COUNTERY? No country today can think of a life independent of other nations. Every country has to develop relations with other countries so as to meet its requirements in economical
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approach to the study and practice of international politics. It emphasizes the role of the nation-state and makes a broad assumption that all nation-states are motivated by national interests‚ or‚ at best‚ national interests disguised as moral concerns. Liberalism: Political and economic doctrine that emphasizes the rights and freedoms of the individual and the need to limit the powers of government. Constructivism: In the discipline of international relations‚ constructivism is the claim that significant
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his can ideas explain the cause of domestic instability in regards to the rise of neoliberalism as well as the effect domestic instability has on the international sphere. This model explains modern political tension and lack of domestic cohesion which Martin Wolf argues is critical for international stability in his piece The Liberal International Order is Sick. The industrial revolution of the 1770’s
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Corporation has been described as one that has production facilities or other fixed assets in at least one foreign country and makes its major management decisions in a global context. In marketing‚ production‚ research and development‚ and labor relations‚ its decisions must be made in terms of host-country customs and traditions. In finance‚ many of its problems have no domestic counterpart-the payment of dividends in another currency‚ for example‚ or the need to shelter working capital from the
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refers to activity of the state within which it fulfills its aims and interests within the international arena‚ process and a system of activities performed by a state organized community of people within the international arena. (Ernest p 2013 ) According to Susarla D. (Foreign policy consists of strategies chosen by states to safeguard national interests and to achieve its goals in international relations; states interact with other states‚ nations‚ as well as non-state actors. Foreign policy is
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