DESIGN OF A CHIRPED FIBER BRAGG GRATING FOR USE IN WIDEBAND DISPERSION COMPENSATION İsa Navruz e-mail: inavruz@eng.ankara.edu.tr Ahmet Altuncu e-mail: altuncu@mail.dumlupinar.edu.tr Key words: Fiber Bragg grating ‚ dispersion compensation‚ apodization ABSTRACT A wideband chirped fiber Bragg grating (FBG) dispersion compensator operating in C band is designed theoretically by numerically solving the coupled mode equations. The power reflectivity spectrum and dispersion characteristics of
Premium Optical fiber Refractive index
its small gravity)‚ it has no substantial atmosphere. Its extremely thin atmosphere mostly consists of a small amount of helium and traces of sodium‚ potassium‚ and oxygen. These gases derive from the solar wind‚ radioactive decay‚ meteor impacts‚ and breakdown of Mercury’s crust. Mercury’s atmosphere is not stable and is constantly being refreshed because of its atoms escaping into space as a result of the planet’s heat. The earths atmosphere compared to mercury is much MUCH better in terms of protection
Premium Atmosphere Sun
Lecture 6 Telecommunications And Networks Learning Objectives Understand the concept of a network. Apply Metcalfe’s law in understanding the value of a network. Identify major developments and trends in the industries‚ technologies‚ and business applications of telecommunications and Internet technologies. Provide examples of the business value of Internet‚ intranet‚ and extranet applications. Learning Objectives Identify the basic components‚ functions‚ and types of telecommunications
Premium Computer network Internet OSI model
Atmosphere of Earth From Wikipedia‚ the free encyclopedia Jump to: navigation‚ search "Air" redirects here. For other uses‚ see Air (disambiguation). "Qualities of air" redirects here. It is not to be confused with Air quality. Blue light is scattered more than other wavelengths by the gases in the atmosphere‚ giving the Earth a blue halo when seen from space onboard ISS at a height of 402–424 km. Composition of Earth’s atmosphere by volume. The lower pie represents the trace gases
Free Atmosphere Earth
The atmosphere of Earth is a layer of gases surrounding the planet Earth that is retained by Earth’s gravity. The atmosphere protects life on Earth by absorbing ultraviolet solar radiation‚ warming the surface through heat retention (greenhouse effect)‚ and reducing temperature extremes between day and night (the diurnal temperature variation).The common name given to the atmospheric gases used in breathing and photosynthesis is air. Dry air contains roughly (by volume) 78.09% nitrogen‚ 20.95% oxygen
Free Atmosphere
Jerry Winfrey Doctor McNair History 1302 March 6‚ 2012 How Has America and I Changed Since September 11‚ 2001 (911) Almost all Americans can still remember where they were the morning of September 11‚ 2001. Smoke billowing from the World Trade Center across a clear blue sky is and will be etched in American minds for years to come. First American were in shocked that a terrorist attack of that magnitude could happen in New York city or Washington D.C. or any other part
Premium September 11 attacks United States Al-Qaeda
September 11‚ 2001‚ a day all Americans will never forget. In the video Road to 911‚ The Islamic‚ Muslim‚ and Jewish people are thrown through the ropes and felt shamed and humiliated. Starting all the way back to World War One‚ in 1918‚ Muslims‚ who sided with Germany‚ were defeated. Due to their defeat‚ from Britain‚ a western style government was emplaced rather than the original multiple religious government. Before World War One‚ the Middle East was ruled by all different kinds of religious
Premium
Telecommunications in the Workplace Telecommunications play a vital role in the success of any business in today’s fast past and competitive market. There are many different systems and options for both businesses and individuals to choose from. For individuals‚ most have Plain Old Telephone Service (POTS)‚ but up and coming technologies like digital phones from cable providers‚ to using cellular service as their primary choice for telecommunications. Business tend to use more advanced options such
Premium Telephone
TELECOMMUNICATIONS INDUSTRY The telecommunication industry is considered a vital part of our everyday lives. Although it only represents about 2.4 percen‚ the services it provides are important to other sectors in the economy. One of the most debatable topics in economics is the Telecommunication Act of 1996‚ and according to the Federal Communication Commission‚ “It is the first major overhaul of telecommunications law in almost 62 years. The goal of this new law is to let anyone enter any communications
Premium Economics Telephone Monopoly
Staley 1 Telecommunications Act 1996 The Telecommunications Act of 1996 is the first major overhaul of telecommunications law in almost 62 years. The goal of this new law is to let anyone enter any communications business -- to let any communications business compete in any market against any other. The Telecommunications Act of 1996 has the potential to change the way we work‚ live and learn. It will affect telephone service -- local and long distance‚ cable programming and other video services
Premium Al Gore Television Broadcasting