INVESTIGATING EQUILIBRIUM EXPERIMENT Objectives 1. To recognize the macroscopic properties of three chemical systems at equilibrium. 2. To observe shifts in equilibrium concentrations as stresses are applied to the systems. 3. To explain observations by applying LeChatelier’s Principle. Materials 12 test tubes test tube rack 2 -100mL beakers beaker tongs safety glasses stand ring clamp wire gauze bunsen burner
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Equilibrium In your text (Chang‚ 6th Ed) : Ch. 15 Chemical Equilibrium‚ esp. Section 15.3 Purpose: The Law of Mass Action will be examined via a series of samples using the same reaction‚ but different stating concentrations. The equilibrium constant‚ K‚ for each reaction will be calculated‚ demonstrating that K for a given reaction at a fixed temperature is a constant‚ independent of starting concentrations. Background: For a general reaction aA + bB ↔ cC + dD‚ the Law of Mass Action
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Introduction Chemical reactions don’t typically go to completion. Instead‚ the system goes to an intermediate state where the rate of the forward reaction and the rate of the reverse reaction equal each other. At this point‚ the concentrations do not change with time. These reactions are said to be in equilibrium. Equilibrium is depended on a particular temperature‚ and the concentrations of reactants and products have to follow a rule demonstrated by the equilibrium constant Kc. The equilibrium concentrations
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The Equilibrium Constant of an Ester Hydrolysis Reaction CHM 152LL Section 33263 March 28‚ 2014 John Weide Abstract: The purpose if this experiment is to determine the equilibrium constant of an unknown alcohol. In this experiment unknown alcohol number three and unknown ester number three were used. The equilibrium constant was found by titrating a series of reactions containing H2O‚ HCl‚ and the unknown ester with only the last solution containing the unknown alcohol
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Title: Study of Solubility Equilibrium Abstract The effect of temperature on the solubility product constant‚ Ksp‚ of potassium hydrogen tartrate in water was investigated in the temperature range of 285K to 318K at normal atmospheric pressure. It was found that the solubility of potassium hydrogen tartrate decreases with a decrease in temperature and consequently a smaller volume of sodium hydroxide is needed to neutralize it. The molar solubility of potassium hydrogen tartrate was calculated
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Experiment 5: Shifting Equilibrium A solution is in equilibrium when the rate of forward reaction and the rate of reverse reaction are equal. This equilibrium may be disturbed when the concentration of the reactants‚ the concentration of the products or the temperature is changed. If the process involves gases‚ a change in pressure can also affect the position of equilibrium. The concept behind this is Le Chatelier ’s Principle which states that when a system is disturbed through application
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The Concept of Equilibrium and the Equilibrium Constant + What is equilibrium? A state of balance It can be static (like tug o war) It can be dynamic‚ like cars moving across a bridge‚ and like most of the reactions we will be studying + Chemical Equilibrium Occurs when opposing reactions are proceeding at equal rates Rate at which products form is equal to the rate at which reactants disappear Have the illusion that the reaction has stopped +At equilibrium‚ the concentrations
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is considered in a state of equilibrium when its properties do not change at time passes. Equilibrium is a state of a reaction where the concentration of all the reactants and all the products remain constant over time. Equilibrium as used in chemical systems means that all the chemical forces in a reaction are in balance and that all physical properties of the system (color‚ density and concentration) of all chemicals species involved remains constant. The equilibrium state can be characterized by
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CHM 096 TUTORIAL 2 (Chemical Equilibrium) Jan 2013 1. Write the equilibrium constant expression‚ Kc‚ for each of the following reactions: a) b) c) d) e) f) 2NO(g) + O2(g) ⇄ 2NO2(g) The decomposition of solid potassium chlorate to solid potassium chloride and oxygen gas. 4HCl(g) + O2(g) ⇄ 2H2O(g) + 2Cl2(g) 2NO2(g) + 7H2(g) ⇄ 4H2O(l) + 2NH3(g) H2O(g) + C(s) ⇄ CO(g) + H2(g) The reduction of solid copper (II) oxide with hydrogen gas to produce copper metal and water at o 500 C. 2H2(g) + O2(g)
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CH 127 – Chem 2 Lab Determination of an Equilibrium constant Goals The purpose of this experiment is to determine the equilibrium constant for the reaction Fe3+(aq) + HSCN(aq) –>FeSCN2+(aq) + H+(aq). The equilibrium constant expression Kc for Reaction is kc=FeSCN2+[H+]Fe3++[HSCN] Procedure *Preparation of the Beer’s law plot Prepare five solutions of FeSCN2+(aq) of known concentrations between 1x10-5M and 1x10-4M by diluting various volumes of 4.62x10-4 HSCN. Calculate the Final concentration
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