out so that tubes containing a reaction solution of the Amylase enzyme and starch were simultaneously mixed. The reactions were then introduced to I2-KI‚ which stopped the reactions‚ at two minute intervals. Each of these trials was repeated three times to ensure proper accuracy. After concluding the reactions they were placed into a spectrophotometer (A580) for analysis. Graphing the values of the absorbance to time for each pH it was found that the rate of reactions in the neutral pH solutions were
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The effect of increasing substrate concentration on rate of an enzyme reaction. Enzymes are biological catalysts that lower a reactions activation energy making possible many of the reactions needed for life to exist. Enzymes have a high specificity which have been explained by many theories such as Fischer’s lock and key. Currently the most widely accepted theory is the induced fit hypothesis proposed by Koshland in 1958. This hypothesis solves some of the problems with the Lock and key theory
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How reaction rate varies with sodium thiosulphate concentration Background information Sodium thiosulphate and hydrochloric acid are both colourless liquids‚ when the two reactants are reacted together they produce sulphur. The sulphur that is produced from the reaction changes the solution to yellow and cloudy‚ this is a precipitation reaction‚ where a two solutions react and a solid forms in the solution‚ the solid is said to precipitate out. Some reactions will occur quickly such as fireworks
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Reaction Rate Coursework Aim To see how the concentration of a reactant affects the rate of reaction‚ in this case sodium thiosulphate and acid. Scientific Background For a reaction to occur‚ the particles of the reactants must be colliding with each other with enough energy‚ the amount of energy needed for the reaction is called activation energy. Activation energy is altered by temperature‚ concentration‚ surface area of and the pressure on the reactants. Stirring the reactants also increases
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determine how the concentration of a species can affect reaction rate in the determination of rate law and rate constant. 2. To determine how temperature affects reaction rate. Introduction Chemical kinetics deals with the speed‚ or rate‚ of a reaction and the mechanism by which the reaction occurs. We can think of the rate as the number of events per unit time. The rate at which you drive (your speed) is the number of miles you drive in an hour (mi/hr). For a chemical reaction the rate is the
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The Rate of a Reaction The area of chemistry that deals with the rate or speed of chemical reactions is known a chemical kinetics. The word “kinetic” is derived from the Greek name kinitikos that means movement or motion. In the present context‚ the kinetic means the reaction rate or rate of a reaction that is defined as the change in concentration of a reactant or a product with time (M/s). Chemical reaction can be represented by the following general equation. Reactants Products It is very important
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VARYING EFFECTS OF ENZYME CONCENTRATION ON REACTION RATES OF MALATE DEHYDROGENASE CELL BIOLOGY 13 NOVEMBER 2007 Enzymes are biological catalysts. They are proteins that speed up reactions with low concentrations. These enzyme proteins are made up of linkages of amino acids. The links coil‚ and coil again forming a tertiary structure. This structure has a groove in it called an active site. The active site is
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trial produced the most oxygen of all three trials. Heat tends to increase the rate of chemical reactions‚ explained in the article Temperature Effects (Introduction to Enzymes) by Chris Jamison. “Like most chemical reactions‚ the rate of an enzyme-catalyzed reaction increases as the temperature is raised. A ten degree rise in temperature will increase the activity of most enzymes by 50 to 100% . Variations in reaction temperature as small as 1 or 2 degrees
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The Effect of Exercise on Heart Rate The aim of this investigation is to find out how different types of exercise can affect my heart rate. To measure and record my heart rate‚ I am going to undergo an experimental test. I am going to do 3 different types of exercise: walking‚ light jog and lastly hard running. First‚ I will draw out a table to record my results‚ and then I will measure my resting heart rate for one minute. To make the experiment as accurate as possible‚ I will
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the reactants‚ concentration‚ temperature‚ surface area and catalyst on the rate of chemical reactions. The nature of the reactants implies a difference if the reactants are aqueous or organic‚ acidic or basic or if they occur in the same phase or not. Acid-base reactions‚ formation of salts‚ and exchange of ions are fast reactions while reactions in which large molecules are formed or broken apart are usually slow. Generally‚ the rate of reaction is directly proportional to the concentration of the
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