Guide Questions Experiment 1 Calibration of the calorimeter: 1. Give the net ionic thermochemical equation of the reaction used to calibrate the calorimeter. a. Is the reaction endothermic or exothermic? b. Which is the limiting reactant? c. How much (in moles) limiting reactant was used? d. How much heat was generated (or absorbed) by the reaction? 2. Relate the sign of the ΔT to the ΔH of the reaction used for calibration. 3. What is the heat capacity of the calorimeter? Relate
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Practical 2: Observation of mammalian kidney model and tissue slides. Analyzing kidney filtration using simple filtration system Introduction: Kidney is part of mammalian’s body endocrine system. Every mammals have a pair of kidneys that is located at the middle back of the body and symmetrically beside the spine and below the rib cage. A kidney approximately 0.5% of the organism body weight. Every kidney will receive huge amount of blood to enable them to perform important task. The base unit of
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Practical 12: Digestion in Humans Aim: To distinguish between 5 liquids to come to a conclusion from which region of the alimentary canal it was extracted from. Hypothesis In this practical‚ we have been given 5 unknown solutions hence it is not possible for us without any logical analysis to come up with a conclusion regarding the positioning along the alimentary canal. We cannot come up with a proper answer or predict results without running through the tests. I though can base my
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Definition: Substances that release hydrogen ions (H+) when dissolved in water. Strong Acids | Weak Acids | Chemical Name | Chemical Formula | Organic acids such as citric acid‚ ethanoic acid. | Hydrochloric acid | HCl | | Sulphuric acid | H2SO4 | | Nitric acid | HNO3 | | Note: The strength of an acid depends on the extent of its ionization in water; strong acids fully ionize in water to produce H+ ions. Characteristics of Acids * sour taste
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Tittle : Rancidity Measurement in Fats and Oils. Introduction : Vegetable oil is an important and widely used lipid source for our everyday food products. Its application is increasing day by day for food purposes and for the manufacturing of a number of toiletry products. However‚ some vegetable oils are not up to standards to meet consumer satisfaction in terms of their physico-chemical properties or for the texture and stability of the food products (Reyes- Hernandez et al.‚ 2007). Recently
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Thermochromism Thermochromism refers to the phenomenon of color changes by the agency of heat. Obviously‚ the color changes are made possible by the temperature-induced chemical or physical changes of materials incorporated into the inks. Sometimes‚ the color change occurring at a temperature is permanent‚ and at other times the original color can be regained on cooling. Accordingly‚ we have an irreversible or reversible thermochromic system. The required chemistry can be adopted based
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Title : Investigation of Action of Saliva and 3M HCl in Two Carbohydrates Solutions. Objective : To investigate the action of saliva and 3M hydrochloric acid in two carbohydrate solution. Result : Table 1 : The presence of starch and reducing sugar in the solution Observation Conclusion Solution A Benedict’s test : The transparent blue solution turns into opaque brick-red precipitate Iodine’s test : The clear colourless solution turns into transparent yellowish-brown
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FORM 4G ELECTROLYSIS WORKSHEET TERM 3 2010-2011 1.Figure 1 below is a diagram of the apparatus used in the electrolysis of fused sodium bromide. Figure 1 a)Write the formulae for the ions present in the fused sodium bromide. b)Write an ionic equation to represent the reaction taking place at the positive and negative electrodes. c)When the heat source was removed‚ the crucible cooled and the lamp went out. Explain why the lamp went out when the crucible cooled. d)At the end of the experiment
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Chemical Reactions Lab Synthesis Reactions: Synthesis reactions occur when two elements or compounds combine to create one single compound. The general equation of synthesis reactions is: A+B→AB. The following are the complete balanced equations for the five synthesis reactions performed in the lab. Reaction 1: Reaction 2: Reaction 3: Reaction 4: Reaction 5: The reaction of CO2 and water is a prime example of a synthesis reaction. This is a synthesis reaction because it follows the general
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What are the exceptions? Sodium chloride‚ sodium iodide‚ and sodium sulfates generally do not form precipitates. One exception in our results with all three of these was when they were each combined with Fe(NO3)3 (iron nitrate) in which all three yielded brown precipitates. E - Which cations generally
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