CH 202 Breakdown UV/Vis: Molecules containing π-electrons or non-bonding electrons (n-electrons) can absorb the energy in the form of ultraviolet or visible light to excite these electrons to higher anti-bonding molecular orbitals. The more easily excited the electrons (i.e. lower energy gap between the HOMO and the LUMO)‚ the longer the wavelength of light it can absorb. Conjugation raises the energy of the bonding orbitals and lowers the energy of the antibonding molecular orbital. This
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vibrational frequency‚ force constant‚ reduced mass and point group were obtained for each of the molecules created. In addition the energy in Hartee for each molecule was also obtained. The molecules used were Iodine (I2)‚ Carbon Monoxide (CO)‚ Cyanide ion (CN-)‚ Acetonitrile (CH3CN) and Benzene (C6H6). The energy equations used previously allows one to solve the Schrodinger equation for molecular energies. The Hamiltonian operator in the energy equation‚ containing the electron correlation is more
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IB Chemistry Summary- By Paul Li & Silvia Riggioni TABLE OF CONTENTS Table of Contents............................................................................................................................................................ 1 Atomic Theory................................................................................................................................................................ 3 The Electromagnetic Spectrum.............................................
Free Atom Periodic table Covalent bond
GaView prior to lab 1. How will you prepare a .02% (m/v) NBS solution? Calculations should be in your notebook before arriving to lab. 2. Provide the structure of vitamin C in its reduced form (ascorbic acid)‚ its ionized form (ascorbate ion- this is at equilibrium with reduced form when dissolved)‚ and its oxidized form (dehydroascorbate). 3. Why do you think that the indicator solution contains acetic acid? How might its absence affect the titration? 4. How much vitamin C has
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molecules iv. Important in embryonic development and immune response c. Paracrine signaling v. Uses local regulators which are released and travel only a short distance to nearby cells vi. Ex. Growth factors target nearby cells to grow and divide d. Synaptic signaling vii. Electrical signal along a nerve cell triggers a chemical release across a synapse to trigger response
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Micah Bolivar MWF 8:30-9:30 ULTRAVIOLET-VISIBLE SPECTROMETRY A diagram of the components of a typical spectrometer are shown in the following diagram. The functioning of this instrument is relatively straightforward. A beam of light from a visible and/or UV light source (colored red) is separated into its component wavelengths by a prism or diffraction grating. Each monochromatic (single wavelength) beam in
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an electron pair to the metal impurities ion center. ammonia/ammonium chloride buffer used in today’s lab will reassure calcium metal ions and metal ions in unknown water sample remain in solution being determined for accurate results. The Eriochrome Black T indicator will turn the solution being determined a pink color to ensure there is metal cations in the solution being determined. Equation 1 shows the reaction involving the indicator and metal ion. H2In-(aq) + M2+(aq) MIn-(aq) + 2H+(aq)
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Oxidation of Borneol to Camphor Objectives: The purpose of this experiment was to use oxidation to convert (1S)-(-)-borneol into (1S)-(-)-camphor‚ which was done via the use of reagents such as glacial acetic acid and sodium hypochlorite and laboratory techniques learned in previous labs. Afterward‚ the final desired product was obtained‚ and to characterize and ensure the purity of the product‚ further lab techniques were implemented. Overall Reaction: 0 out of 10 Oxidation Reaction:. Mechanism:
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Currently‚ the Group is planning to develop five main projects: (i) expansion of the production capacity and research and development of products in connection with Li-ion batteries‚ in particular‚ prismatic and cylindrical batteries and LIP batteries; (ii) development and manufacture of chemical compounds‚ used in providing Li-ion batteries; (iii) research‚ development and production of rechargeable batteries for electric vehicles‚ including batteries for pure electric vehicles (PEV)‚ hybrid
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1 Measuring and calculating equilibrium constants Clearly‚ if the concentrations or pressures of all the components of a reaction are known‚ then the value of K can be found by simple substitution. Observing individual concentrations or partial pressures directly may be not always be practical‚ however. If one of the components is colored‚ the extent to which it absorbs light of an appropriate wavelength may serve as an index of its concentration. Pressure measurements are ordinarily able to measure
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