In this experiment the initial mass of the sodium carbonate used was 2.69g. In each titration‚ 3 drops of methyl orange was added to the sodium carbonate solution. With this information the titration can begin‚ and the results obtained are shown below: Titration readings Titration Rough 1 2 3 4 5 Initial 0.00 4.30 22.00 21.00 15.00 25.90 Final 4.30 22.00 38.60 37.60 32.60 42.20 Titre (cm3) 4.30 17.70 16.60 16.60 17.60 16.30 Therefore‚ the average titre would be calculated as follows;
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1. Sodium and potassium are the most frequently ecountered alkali metals‚ though rarely as the metal. Why these elements are rarely found as the metal? (Refer to the relative measurements tabulated in the form of electronegativities‚ ionization energies‚ or reduction potentials). These are due to the fact that their outer most orbital (ns1 valence electron configuration) has tendency to lose electron very easily and make stable configuration. The single valence electron is relatively far from the
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II.Purpose: The purpose of this experiment is to standardize a sodium hydroxide solution and use the standard solution to titrate an unknown solid acid. The equivalent mass of the solid acid will be determined from the volume of sodium hydroxide added at the equivalence point. The equilibrium constant‚ Ks‚ of the solid acid will be calculated from the titration curve obtained by plotting the pH of the solution versus the volume of sodium hydroxide added. III.Background Information: Volumetric analysis
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Title of Practical: The Effect of Concentration on Reaction Rate Aim: To use a simple reaction between sodium thiosulphate and hydrochloric acid to discover concentration this determines how fast chemical reactions occur. Independent Variable: Concentration of hydrochloric acid (%) Dependent Variable: Time taken for chemical reaction to take place (sec) Hypothesis: My prediction is that the increased concentration of the thiosulfate will in turn lead to an increase in the rate of reaction
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36100 Introduction The purpose of this lab was to produce benzoic acid by mixing sodium benzoate with hydrochloric acid. The Hydrochloric acid used in the experiment was a stock solution made by mixing HCl Acid and deionized water. HCl acid‚ historically called‚ muriatic acid or spirits of salt‚ hydrochloric acid is produced from sulfuric acid and common salt‚ NaCl (Princeton.edu). Since the early 1900 ’s‚ sodium benzoate has been used as a food preservative (SolarNavigator). It is utilized in
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moving sodium and potassium ions across the cell membrane is called active transport (Martini‚ 384). Active transport moves three sodium ions out of the cell while moving two potassium ions into the cell (Marieb‚ 125). A threshold stimulus occurs when a neuron is activated by a stimulus of adequate intensity causing the membrane to reach its trigger zone and becoming more permeable to sodium (Marieb‚ 126). When this occur the sodium ion channels in the cell membrane opens. Once the sodium enters
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Endothermic‚ for example when copper II Hydroxide is heated. There are many substances used in this experiment‚ the elements are Hydrogen Gas‚ Aluminum‚ and solid Copper‚ the compounds are Copper II Nitrate‚ Sodium Hydroxide‚ Copper II Hydroxide‚ Copper II Oxide‚ Hydrochloric Acid‚ Sodium Nitrate‚
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(vi)Double decomposition reaction (reaction between sodium sulphate and barium chloride) APPARATUS REQUIRED: 1. A rack of at least six clean test tubes and a boiling tube (hard glass test tube) 2. Two 100 cc beakers 3. A test tube holder CHEMICALS REQUIRED: 1. Small pieces of quicklime (CaO) in crystal form and not in powder form 2. Ferrous sulphate crystals 3. Copper sulphate solution 4. Iron filings 5. Sodium sulphate solution 6. Barium chloride solution 7
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major electrolytes that are in our body are as follows: sodium (Na+)‚ potassium (K+)‚ chloride (Cl-)‚ calcium (Ca2+)‚ magnesium (Mg2+)‚ bicarbonate (HCO3-)‚ phosphate (PO42-)‚ sulfate (SO42-). Sodium is an abundant metallic element which is an important mineral for all living organisms. It is also widely used industrially to make an assortment of consumer goods. In a pure form‚ sodium is a soft‚ silvery gray‚ highly reactive metal. Pure sodium is usually stored in a nonreactive substance‚ as it oxidizes
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Analysis of Silver in an Alloy Introduction In this experiment an alloy of silver will be analyzed to determine its silver content. The silver-copper alloy will be dissolved in nitric acid‚ the silver will be precipitated as silver chloride‚ and the silver chloride will be filtered‚ washed‚ dried and its mass determined. From the mass of the silver chloride formed and the mass of the original sample‚ you will be able to calculate the percent of silver in the alloy. Because the results are
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