with the molecular formula C6H8O7‚ which means a molecule of the acid contains six carbon atoms‚ eight hydrogen atoms‚ and seven oxygen atoms. When it is dissolved in water‚ it partially ionizes to yield three H+ ions (hydrogen atoms which are missing their electron) and a C6H5O7(3-) ion (the 3- means that it has three extra electrons.) The resulting solution is called an "electrolyte." Chemical Reaction When two dissimilar metals are put in an electrolyte‚ a chemical reaction called "oxidation-reduction"
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chloride ion on its rate of diffusion in agar means it will diffuse faster because it is more concentrated. We graphed the diffusion of chloride ions rather than sodium ions because while the sodium ions do diffuse in to the agar the chloride ions from the NaCl will combine with silver ions‚ from AgNO3 and create a white precipitate. The white precipitate allows us to measure the the white band through the agar at different points and determine the rate of diffusion of the chloride ions. If the
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Honors Chemistry Final Exam Study Guide Multiple Choice- (51 points @ 1/2 point ea.) Identify the letter of the choice that best completes the statement or answers the question. ____ 1. The pair of elements that forms a bond with the least ionic character is |a. |Na and Cl. |c. |O and Cl. | |b. |K and Cl. |d. |Mg and Cl.
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of valence electron(s) between atoms. It is a type of chemical bond that generates two oppositely charged ions (Larsen‚ 2010). Element that have a positive ion are able to bond with elements with negative ions. This is because the elements share the electrons so that the ionization becomes neutral and both atoms become stable. Materials: 1. Cards with elements and positive or negative ions. 2. Reference Tables for Physical Setting/CHEMISTRY 2011 Edition: Periodic Table of the Elements 3. Bond
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electrolyte concentration In mol/L. the unit is S cm2mol-1 If the dependant of conductivity towards concentration were to be studied‚ we would observe that the conductivity increases along with solution concentration due to the increase in the number of ions. However the relationship is not linear. So the equivalent conductivity is not constant for an electrolyte at different concentrations. The equivalent conductivity approaches a value called the molar conductivity at infinite dilution (Λω) as the
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-CATIONS and ANIONS- Cations are positive charged ions. A cation has fewer electrons than protons. Anions are negatively charged ions. An anion has more electron than protons. The nature and magnitude of charge on ion depend on the position of an element in the periodic table. In forming an ion‚ an atom of a main group element loses gains electrons to obtain the electronic configuration of the noble gas closest to it in the periodic table. This gives the ion on especially stable electronic arrangement
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that results from the bonding of two or more elements. 7. What is the difference between covalent and ionic bonds? Ionic Bonds are the bonding of two electrically charged atoms when one atom has transferred an electron to the other causing the two ions to become positively and negatively charged. Covalent
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An ion is an atom or a molecule with a positive or a negative charge due to the loss or gain of one or more electrons. Ionic solids are salts (such as NaCl) that are held together by a strong force of attraction between ions of opposite charge. Molecules are the smallest physical units of an element or a (chemical) compound. Ionic solids are also known as salts because salts are ionic compounds that are formed from a reaction between an acid and a base. Hydrates are inorganic salts which contain
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EXPERIMENT 9 Composition Potassium of Chlorate IUA-‚TERIAL S AND E QUI PME NT Solids: Reagent Grade potassium chlorate (KC1O3)and potassium chloride (KCl). Solutions: dilute (6 M) nitric acid (HNO3) and 0.1M silvernitrate (AgNO3). Th.o No.0 crucibles with covers; Ceramfab pad. DISCUSSION The percentage composition of a compound is the percentage by mass of each element in the compound. If the formula of a compound is known‚ the percentage composition can be calculated from the molar mass and the
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substances. In ionic compounds valence electrons are transferred from one atom to another‚ resulting in formation of ions of opposite charge. Metals will lose electrons to form cations (positively charged) and non-metals can gain electrons to form anions (negatively charged); these oppositely charged ions attract each other and form an ionic compound Because the attraction of the ions is so strong‚ ionic compounds are always solid at room temperature and usually crystalline with high melting and boiling
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