percent yield of the final product is determined after the synthesis. Procedures: 2.0 mL of 1-bromobutane‚ 3.0 g of sodium benzoate‚ 5.0 mL of water‚ 4 drops of Aliquat 336‚ and a boiling stone were placed in a 50mL round-bottomed flask. The reaction mixture was refluxed for 1 hour and the flask was cooled in a beaker in the water of room temperature. The solid was formed in the mixture and the flask was shaken until it dissolved. The flash was rinsed with 15 mL dichloromethane and it was
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Wave Nature of Light Objective: The purpose of this lab is to investigate interference‚ otherwise known as the diffraction of light. A beam of light acts a wave‚ and we are able to use equations so calculate the wavelength of the light used. The diffraction of a straight edge demonstrates that light waves bend around straight edges‚ allowing light to enter an area of shadow. When waves are superposed‚ they reinforce each other when crests are in phase and cancel out when they are not in phase
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PEES 4200W- Physiology of Exercise Lab #2: Metabolism and Energy Expenditure 1. The Respiratory exchange ratio is the ratio of the volume of carbon dioxide produced and oxygen consumed. The ratio indicates the energy that the subject is expending for indirect calorimetry‚ how efficient the subject ’s body is at utilizing the oxygen inhaled‚ as well as the main substrate being used for energy during varying intensities of exercise. During rest the volume of carbon dioxide was 0.73L/min‚ the volume
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Introduction The study of chemical reactions‚ isomerizations and physical behavior that may occur under the influence of visible and/or ultraviolet light is called Photochemistry. The fundamental principles for understanding photochemical transformations are that light must be absorbed by a compound in order for a photochemical reaction to take place‚ and that for each photon of light absorbed by a chemical system only one molecule is activated for subsequent reaction. This "photo equivalence law" was
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Limiting Reagent and Percent Yield Aim To determine the limiting reagent between the reaction of lead (II) nitrate and potassium iodide. To determine the percent yield of lead (II) iodide. Date Started: 13/4/12. Finished: 19/4/12. Data collection and processing Measurements: * Amount of distilled water: 75.0ml ± 0.5ml. * Mass of watch glass: 31.65g ± 0.01g. * Mass of watch glass + potassium iodide: 32.45g ± 0.01g. * Mass of potassium iodide: 0.8g ± 0.02g. * Mass of watch
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transfer 0.8 ml of this solution and the reaction was allowed to proceed until the solution turns brown and cloudy. The conical vial was then rinsed with 2 ml of anhydrous ether to get any remaining solution into the reaction vessel. Simultaneously‚ 1.09 g of benzophenone and 2ml of anhydrous ether were added to a 3ml conical vial and gently stirred. The reaction vessel was taken off of the hot plate and allowed to cool. The benzophenone was then added to the reaction mixture while stirring vigorously.
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Experiment 4: Qualitative Analysis of Cations and Precipitation Reactions The overall goal of experiment four was to determine the identity of unknown cations presented to the student. But in order to know the identity of these unknowns‚ in part 1‚ Ag+‚ Pb+‚ and Hg22+ were presented to the student in aqueous solutions and then precipitated through experimentation. In part 2‚ the same procedure was enacted to determine which substances precipitated through qualitative analysis. Solubility rules
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The Effect of Temperature on The Viscosity of Glycerol Research Question: What is the effect of increasing the independent variable of the temperature of glycerol (30ºC‚ 40ºC‚ 50ºC‚ 60ºC and 70ºC) (+ 0.5ºC) using a hotplate and measured using a thermometer (+ 0.05º)‚ on the dependent variable of time (secs + 0.2) taken for 50mL (+ 0.05ml) of glycerol to flow through a 50cm3 burette (+ 0.05cm3) into a 250 mL beaker (+ 12.5 mL) measured by a digital stopwatch (+ 0.2secs)‚ therefore indicating the
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II. LEARNING OBJECTIVES - To perform different types of chemical reactions including acid-base‚ precipitation‚ gas forming‚ complex compound forming and oxidation-reduction reactions. - To identify some of the products in these reactions and describe the chemical changes. - To write and balance the chemical equations for the reactions observed. III. EQUIPMENT AND REAGENTS 1. EQUIPMENTThirty test tubes One test tube rack Two test tube holders Two spatulas Three 250 mL beakers One stirring rodOne
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Purpose To check whether mass is gained or lost during a Chemical reaction. Hypothesis Equipments and Materials • Eye protection • Test tube • 250 ml Erlenmeyer flask and stopper • Weight Balance • Antacid tablet • Dilute solutions of o Sodium Hydroxide‚ NaOH(aq) o Iron(III) Nitrate‚ Fe(NO3)3 • Funnel • Cylinder Procedures 1. Put eye protection on for safety purposes. Part A: Reaction between Iron(III) Nitrate and Sodium Hydroxide. 2. Take two cylinders and fill one (full)
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