Compare and contrast the structure and bonding in Ionic‚ Covalent and Metallic species. Relate the structure and bonding to the properties of the species. Ionic bonding is usually formed between a metal and a non-metal‚ Covalent between two non-metals and Metallic between two metals. Ionic Bonding; Ionic bonds tend to form between metals whose atoms need to “loose” electrons to gain the nearest noble gas configuration and non-metals that need to gain electrons. These electrons are transferred
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Lab Techniques & Measurements Pre Lab Questions: (4pts) 1. What will you learn after completing the lab? -The experiment will introduce different level of precision and measuring to the appropriate decimal place and will be familiar with measurements and weight. 2. Write the symbols and equation used to make a dilute solution from concentrated or stock solution. - The concentration of substance is described as molarity and this can be expressed as – Molarity
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Reactions in Aqueous Solutions: Metathesis Reactions and Net Ionic Equations Introduction: Metathesis or double decomposition reactions are a reaction in which two compounds react to form two new compounds‚ with no changes in oxidation number. The ions of two compounds exchange partners. AX + BY AY + BX This reaction can occur between two inorganic salts when one product is insoluble in water‚ driving the reaction forward. A typical example is as followed and is considered a molecular equation
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energy is needed to break the strong bonds (ionic or covalent) operating in three dimensions. The oxides of phosphorus‚ sulphur and chlorine consist of individual molecules - some small and simple; others polymeric. The attractive forces between these molecules will be van der Waals dispersion and dipole-dipole interactions. These vary in size depending on the size‚ shape and polarity of the various molecules - but will always be much weaker than the ionic or covalent bonds you need to break in a giant
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Chemical Reactions Chemical reactions happen in almost everything around us. Reactions are very important in everyday life‚ and science. Chemical reactions are the changing of substances to other substances by the breaking of bonds in reactants and the formation of new bonds in products. There are different types of chemical reactions such as combination reaction‚ decomposition reaction‚ single-replacement reaction‚ double-replacement reaction‚ and combustion reaction. Combination
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Chapter 1 Chemical Reactions and Equations Q.1. Why should magnesium ribbon be cleaned before burning in air ? Ans: Magnesium ribbon is a very reactive metal. When stored it reacts with oxygen to form a layer of magnesium oxide on its surface. This layer of magnesium oxide being a stable compound prevents further reaction of magnesium with oxygen. The magnesium is cleaned before burning in air to remove this layer so that the metal can be exposed to air properly. Q.2. Write the balanced
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Chemical Reactions Chemical Change • reorganization • original substances form new substances with different formulas • may or may not involve a change of state • symbols used to describe chemical reaction are known as a chemical equation • Chemical equations do not have equal signs (=) they have an arrow Chemical Equations • Must follow the Law of Conservation of Matter • atoms can neither be created or destroyed during a chemical reaction • What
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Chemical Reactions What is a Chemical Reaction? Types of Chemical Reactions Redox Reactions Nonredox Reactions Classifying Reactions What is a Chemical Reaction? A chemical reaction is a process in which the identity of at least one substance changes. A chemical equation represents the total chemical change that occurs in a chemical reaction using symbols and chemical formulas for the substances involved. Reactants are the substances that are changed and products are the substances that are
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2013 “Reaction Classes and Pericyclic Reactions” ● 4 Lectures ● Recommended Texts: (i) J. March “Advanced Organic Chemistry”‚ p 839‚ `---Edn.‚ Oxford (W); Warren (2) Ch 34‚ 35. Syllabus 1) General principles (a) Reaction classes (i) Heterolytic (ii) Homolytic (iii) Pericyclic (b) Pericyclic Reaction Types 2) Electrocyclic Reactions (a) Definition and examples (b) Stereochemical aspects and the Woodward and Hoffmann rules 3) Cycloaddition Reactions (a) Definition
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RATE OF REACTIONS. The reaction rate (rate of reaction) or speed of reaction for a reactant or product in a particular reaction is intuitively defined as how fast or slow a reaction takes place. For example‚ the oxidative rusting of iron under the atmosphere is a slow reaction that can take many years‚ but the combustion of cellulose in a fire is a reaction that takes place in fractions of a second (right). Chemical kinetics is the part of physical chemistry that studies reaction rates. The concepts
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