WIRELESS TRANSMISSION 1.2 RADIO PROPAGATION: Radio propagation is the behavior of radio waves when they are transmitted‚ or propagated from one point on the Earth to another‚ or into various parts of the atmosphere. As a form of electromagnetic radiation‚ like light waves‚ radio waves are affected by the phenomena of reflection‚ diffraction‚ and scattering. ERIC SAVIOUR ARYEE OKAI‚ OCT‚ 2013 ASSIGNMENT #1 With the aid of simple diagram(s)‚ explain the three propagation phenomena. ERIC SAVIOUR
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steerable beam (radiation direction change) as in smart antennas. 2. They can provide a high gain (array gain) by using simple antenna elements. 3. They provide a diversity gain in multipath signal reception. 4. They enable array signal processing. Hon Tat Hui 1 Antenna Arrays NUS/ECE EE4101 An important characteristic of an array is the change of its radiation pattern in response to different excitations of its antenna elements. Unlike a single antenna whose radiation pattern is fixed
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Sunlight and Concave Mirror for Cooking Researchers: Pamatmat‚ Mikaela Franchesca Siacon‚ Maria Sherlene Dianne Cruz‚ Jeremy Anne Lardizabal‚ Zaree Dominique Macagba‚ Danielle Martinez‚ Kyrene Teacher: Sir Vincent Sabong Abstract The researchers thought of trying to come up with a makeshift solar cooker in order to test if this way of cooking may be effective and useful in substituting for a frying pan and a stove. The solar cooker may be a possible alternative when cooking outdoors under
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wavelength and the frequency scale. The region of the spectrum are broadly classified into the following classes radio‚ microwave‚ infrared‚ ultraviolet‚ X-rays‚ and gamma rays. The term “radiation” means the emission of energy as electromagnetic waves or as moving subatomic particles. Gamma rays: used in cancer radiation treatments‚ come from radioactive material‚ also from supernova explosions. X-rays used in airports to look inside luggage‚ used for medical diagnostics‚ also created in stars (like
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used in many things in today’s time such as TV remotes. A TV remote uses Infrared energy with the wavelength of 940 nanometers. You however cannot see this light emitting from the remote with the naked eye‚ but some telephones are sensitive to that radiation emitted. Another common use is an Infrared lamp or heat lamps which emit Infrared energy between 500 to 3000 nanometers. They are used to keep food warm or to heat bathrooms. They are also used to keep small animals and reptiles warm or even to
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| | Assignment 2 | | Subject: General ChemistryLecturer: Dr. Ajith H. Herath | | Name: Kavini de Silva | 4/5/’013 | | BOHR THEORY Introduction Niels Bohr applies quantum theory Rutherford’s Atomic Structure by assuming that electrons travel in stationary orbits defined by their angular momentum. This led to the calculation of possible energy levels for these orbits and the postulation that the emission of light occurs when an electron moves into a lower
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radio waves‚ microwaves‚ infrared waves‚ visible light‚ ultraviolet waves‚ x-rays and gamma rays. Each of these categories contains different type of waves‚ which varies in wavelength and photon energy‚ which is the units in which electromagnetic radiation come in. Figure 1. An Electromagnetic Spectrum shows the different wavelengths and photon energies of different electromagnetic waves. Source: http://www.lbl.gov/MicroWorlds/ALSTool/EMSpec/EMSpec2.html Figure 1. An Electromagnetic Spectrum shows
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that uses microwaves is radar. The radar uses microwave radiation to detect characteristics‚ range‚ speed of remote objects. Dangers That Have Been Reported: When injury from microwaves occur it usually results from insulated or stopped heating in the body. Exposure to microwave radiation can produce cataracts or clouding in the eye that destroys the passage of light and varies from slight to complete opacity. So exposure to microwave radiation can cause gradual blindness. One Scientist Associated
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that all objects emit infrared radiation as long as the object is above absolute zero (Kelvins). The cameras that can see and distinguish temperature are called‚ “thermal imagers.” These imagers convert the perceived radiation into scaled colors relative to its temperature and create a different color per area. The basis to how these camera can see this radiation is that objects have blackbody radiation (Seffrin). Objects that can absorb light would also emit radiation (Rossing‚ 129). The emittance
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matter Q.1. State the dependence of work function on kinetic energy of electrons emitted in a photocell. If the intensity of incident radiation is doubled‚ what changes occur in the stopping potential and photoelectric current? Q.2. How does the maximum kinetic energy of the emitted electrons vary with the work function? Q.3. the frequency of incident radiation is greater than the threshold frequency in a photocell. How will the stopping potential vary if frequency is increased‚ keeping other
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