homozygous for the sickle cell trait often cannot exercise.Individuals who are heterozygous for the trait can have sickle cell attacks under extreme conditions.Normal individuals (HbS Hbs) have only normal hemoglobin.Homozygous sickle cell individuals (HbS Hbs) have only sickle cell hemoglobin.Heterozygous individuals (HbS Hbs) have both normal and sickle cell hemoglobin. Jerry smith collapsed while running a race for his track team.A doctor said that he had a sickle cell attack.Genetic tests were run
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and HbS (defective hemoglobin) have varying frequencies and while the HbS gene is present in populations it is important to understand how Malaria in particular can affect the sickle cell frequency. The way that diseases such as malaria impact the HbS gene may be different than how populations unaffected by malaria are impacted by HbS. What will happen to the sickle cell frequency in the presence of Malaria? Hypothesis: 1: In the presence of malaria‚ the sickle cell allele frequency HbS will
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changes in allele frequencies in a population as a result of a selective force Hypothesis The starting ratio of HbA to HbS is 3:1; in a typical population‚ the Homozygous Dominant Gene would become the standard‚ but because carrying the Heterozygous version of the allele has an advantage to fighting Malaria it will become the dominant Allele for the population. The HbA/HbS gene will thrive because it helps in the fight against Malaria‚ turning a typically negative trait into an advantage. The
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Driving towards a disruption? HBS Case study 1. For management education‚ who is the customer and what is the product? Please justify your answer! The target segment of HBS programs differ according to the nature of educational programs‚ varying from corporate executive level managers to employees. the target group are in general working professionals who afford having high standard business education and seeking career progress. In the early years‚ HBS started providing management education
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which is caused by a mutant allele (Hb-) which in the homozygous condition in the past was often fatal to people at quite young ages. The mutation causes the formation of abnormal‚ sickle-shaped red blood cells that clog vessels‚ cause organ damage‚ and are inefficient transporters of oxygen. Individuals who are heterozygous (Hb-Hb+) have the sickle-cell trait (a mild form of the disease)‚ which is not fatal. Scientists were surprised to find a high frequency of the Hb- allele in populations in Africa
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osborne@ubc.ca www.sallyosborne.com Objectives 1. Specify in what forms O2 & CO2 are carried in the blood. 2. Describe the physiological significance of the oxyhemoglobin dissociation curve. 3. Relates shifts in the position of this curve to affinity of Hb & oxygen loading / unloading in the blood. 4. Describe the effect of anemia & carbon monoxide poisoning on tissue oxygenation. 5. Identify the color of hemoglobin in the following forms: 1) oxyhemoglobin‚ 2) deoxyhemoglobin 3) caboxyhemoglobin. 6. Specify
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dan elemen yang harus di kelola sehingga mampu mengambil keputusan terbaik dalam menghadapi persaingan global. Buku Wajib Hill‚ Charles W and Blake‚ Hughes M. International Business‚ Competing in the Global Maketplace‚ 6th ed‚ Mc Graw Hill 2007 (HB) Buku lain yang dijadikan referensi Griffin‚ Ricky W. and Pustay‚ Michael W. International Business‚ 5th ed‚ Prentice Hall 2007 (GP). Penilaian Ujian Tengah Semester 30% Ujian Akhir Semester 30% Tugas/Paper tengah semester pertama
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good Muslim. The five pillars are that there is no god but God‚ to offer prayer‚ to give charity‚ perform the hajj and to fast during Ramadan (HB 1: 7). The Muslims that follow the five pillars and follow Muhammad’s teachings will reach paradise. The first pillar is to accept that God is the only god and that he is the only one worthy of being worshiped (HB 1: 7‚ 25‚ 50‚ 63‚ 2: 594‚ Q 2: 176). This first pillar is very important in Islam because Islam is based around the idea of submitting to God
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Metallobiomolecules METALLOBIOMOLECULES CONTENTS 1. Introduction Metallobiomolecules 2. Classification Metallobiomolecules 2.1. Transport and of to Storage Proteins 2.2. Oxygen binding Today scientists try to explore the chemistry basis behind the biological processes. As a result of this‚ new areas have evolved such as bioinorganic chemistry and bioorganic chemistry. In this section we will talk about an important concept in bioinorganic chemistry called “Metallobiomolecules”. Metallobiomolecules
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dissolved O2 (1.5%) b. 98.5 % – bound to Hemoglobin (iron in Heme group) 2. Hemoglobin saturation a. 4 O2 = 100% b. 2 O2 = 50% c. Hb binds O2 reversibly B. Oxygen-Hemoglobin dissociation curve 1. Relates saturation of Hb with pO2 increase Hb saturation ( ↑ affinity)2. increase pO2 —— a. Hb stores O2 decrease Hb saturation (↓affinity)3. decrease pO2 —– a. Hb releases O2 4. Normal tissue 75% (pO2 = 40 mmHg)a. 97% (pO2 = 95 mmHg) —– b. Venous blood has large O2 reserve 5. Active tissue
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