The Provisional Irish Republican Army (IRA) was formed in 1969. The Official IRA declared a cease-fire in the summer of 1972‚ and subsequently the term IRA began being used for the organization that developed from the ’Provisional ’ IRA. Organized into small‚ tightly knit cells under the leadership of the Army Council the IRA has remained largely unchanged. It is difficult to know the exact number of IRA members because of the political and economic persecution that comes with publicly endorsing
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territory and spheres of influence. Empires use their territory to gaining resources and to set up trading posts. Even America took over territory over China and the Philippines. Although the main reasons for gain the land are for economy boosts and free trade‚ many countries abused their powers. They cheat the natives with one sided treaties or order them around‚ most of the time turning them into slaves. King Leopold II was probably the first one to abuse this power. He did it to the Congolese in
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process of colonization was always a form of exploitation of the weak and underdeveloped countries. Belgian King Leopold II was one of the ambitious monarchs interested in acquiring a “slice of African Cake”. Ultimately‚ his reign over his Congo Free State was a regime of terror and monumental atrocities. The Belgium King‚ under a humanitarian pretense‚ was the person behind massive exploitation of African Congo. In his effort to maximize the profits from ivory and wild rubber‚ Leopold II imposed
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Leopold II (1835-1909) The King of Belgium 1865-1909. The scramble for Africa began in the mid-1870’s with the purpose to colonize the "Dark Continent". Much of the exploration and European interests were in the southern‚ northern‚ and eastern part of the continent. It was still called the "Dark Continent" because of the large basin of rain forests surrounding the Congo River in the equatorial part of western Africa. This area was virtually unexplored because traveling up the river by boat was impossible
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population of millions of free men and women to virtual slavery; thus he arrogated to himself and his friends the absolute ownership of the
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instructed Stanley forcing African heads of state signed their land‚ to give up his new association management authority. Signed more than 450 heads of their land for him‚ give him a complete trade monopoly. By then‚ the Congo is a considered to be a deserted land. Leopold‚ he tried to persuade those powerful country admits his new colony is legal in other powers found the main transport hub. In America‚ for example‚ Leopold with his own men in the United States government about his plans and promised
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The Irish Republican Army (IRA) has sought for a unified Ireland for decades through the use of violence and intimidation in the form of terrorism. Britain’s occupation of Ulster (Northern Ireland)‚ has been a controversial reign with a primarily Protestant influence on a previously Catholic area. This has led to various civil right issues and activism in the most affected parts. Politically‚ the feud is primarily about land and the unification of Ireland‚ thus the disputes over who Northern Ireland
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King Leopold II of Belgium claimed most of the Congo basin since 1876. Rather than another Belgium colony‚ this territory became King Leopold’s private resource under the name “Congo Free State”. The annexation of the Congo is considered to be the most brutal and shocking of all European colonial annexations. After international outcry from several different countries‚ Belgium officially took over the country in 1908 and renamed Leopold’s previous territory as the “Belgian Congo.” Independence was
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One of the major impacts is psychological. Psychological impacts are ones that mess with people’s emotions. King Leopold was a man who did not care about other peoples emotions or their state of being; he cared about himself and how much money he was going to make with the Congo. To quote a Congolese states on the amount of psychological torture he put some of the Congolese people in: “I ran away with two old people‚ but they were caught and killed‚ and the soldiers made me carry the baskets holding
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Belgian monarch (Britannica). Rubber was booming during that time‚ and the Congo free estate had one lucrative source of wild rubber‚ and it was the Landolphia vines in the Central African rainforest. Detachments of Leopold’s 19‚000-man private army‚ the Force Publique‚ would raid into villages and hold women hostage‚ forcing the men to scatter into the rainforests
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