C‚x7ik y7ku`w2History of Islamic Banking in Pakistan Efforts to Islamize the economy of Pakistan started in the mid 60s. However a significant attempt was made in the mid 80s1 to convert the banking system to an Islamic banking system. The Banking Companies Ordinance (BCO‚ 1962) was amended to accommodate non-interest based transactions and the industry was given a specific timeline to convert to the non-interest based system. In early 90s‚ the whole exercise was challenged in the Federal Shariat
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The inspiration of nature in design created a movement of Organic Architecture through functionalism and minimalism since the 1800’s influencing some of the greatest architects to emerge. Functionalist architects and artists design utilitarian structures in which the Organic Architecture dictates the development within and moves outward in harmony with its surroundings‚ without regard to such traditional devices as axial symmetry and classical proportions or any other heavy ornamentation. Louis
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features. Gothic architecture was born of Romanesque architecture altered by the influence of medieval society. Romanesque and Gothic architecture‚ although having many similarities‚ also have many differences. There are some who would regard the first Gothic churches in France as late extensions of the Romanesque building ’boom.’’The Romanesque contributed greatly to the development of highly articulated‚ expressive exterior and interior design.’(K Conant p. 6) French Romanesque architecture was the antecedent
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Greek and Roman architecture gave us remarkable images in history. Romans continued and developed the heritage of the architects of the Greek civilization‚ and the Romans had all respect for their traditions and the established architectural orders‚ especially the Corinthian order‚ this was proved as it was seen in many of their huge buildings. Both of these groups showed how their own structural creations to define their perfections. The Greeks biased to the post and lintel construction‚ while the
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NIZAMUDDIN DARGAH- ITHIAAS TRIP KEYWORDS * Sufi: (Etymology: Worship‚ Wool) Follower of Islam in a liberal way [spiritual side] * Sufism was born out of necessity * Ulemah were the rigid people who followed Islam. They created rules. * NIZAMUDDIN gave people a lot of freedom * Teacher in Islam is known as PIR. * Student in Islam is known as MUREED. * During Nizamuddin’s time crime was at it’s lowest. * FIRST SUFI SAINT- Moinuddin Chisti * CHISTI SILSILA- Named
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“Architecture begins to matter when it goes beyond protecting us from elements‚ when it begins to say something about the world—when it begins to take on the qualities of art.” (Goldberger) Architecture has elements that make it very significant in our daily lives; it surrounds us. Form‚ time‚ space‚ perception‚ and aesthetics are factors that help prove the importance of architecture. Chapter four of Paul Goldberger’s Why Architecture Matters discusses the concept of space. The everyday experience
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Brutalist architecture is like an overbearing‚ person of authority. It’s oppressive‚ totalitarian style is a “no nonsense” attempt to bring wealth‚ efficiency and strong community living to areas. Although the initial intension was good‚ many structures are much too large and do not harmonize well with the area. Massive amounts of concrete were used to construct these unpolished fortresses‚ which is bad for the environment. This style of architecture was popular in the 1960’s and 1970’s and used
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restoring those that once existed‚ and providing connectivity between them. But great opportunities exist to improve the quality of the matrix by designing multifunctional elements throughout the landscape. Through a synthesis of knowledge in landscape architecture and landscape ecology‚ we have demonstrated some important applications of the landscape performance framework in urban and agricultural settings. Based on a review of the literature‚ we have suggested several methods of evaluating and monitoring
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popular tourist attraction.The design of the Sultan Ahmed Mosque is the culmination of two centuries of both Ottoman mosque and Byzantine church development. It incorporates some Byzantine elements of the neighboring Hagia Sophia with traditional Islamic architecture and is considered to be the last great mosque of the classical period. The architect has ably synthesized the ideas of his master Sinan‚ aiming for overwhelming size‚ majesty and splendour. It has 6 minarets along with 8 domes and 1 main one
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2013 TOPIC: ISLAMIC FINANCE PRESENTED BY: NAME REGISTRATION NO NDIRANGU MERCY D61/60537/2013 KIIO PETER D61/61023/2013 AGAO EMILY D61/79814/2012 MUTUKU ESTHER D61/80221/2012 OCHOLA JOSHUA D61/79312/2012 MUHALIA JOHN D61/67666/2011 MAURICE OJOW D61/75719/2012 NICODEMUS KIPTOO D61/76091/2012 MOHAMMED CHUTE OCTOBER 2013 TABLE OF CONTENTS LIST OF ABBREVIATIONS 3 INTRODUCTION 4 1. BACKGROUND AND EVOLUTION OF ISLAMIC FINANCE 5 2. THEORY REVIEW OF ISLAMIC FINANCE 7 2.1
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