Constipation can be caused by numerous factors or health conditions. It is pivotal for the provider to diagnose the right cause of constipation on order to be able to select the appropriate treatment. According to Edmunds‚ & Mayhew (2014)‚ all laxatives work by increasing fluid retention in the colon. There are five different types of laxative that can be used depending on the type of constipation. Bulk laxatives are non-digestible and non- absorbable‚ which cause the stool to absorb water‚ expands
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longer molecules. The use of electrophoresis buffer in the making of the agarose gel is to establish a constant pH and to provide ions to support the conductivity. There are three common buffers used in agarose gel electrophoresis. They are Tris-Acetate-EDTA (TAE)‚ Tris-Borate-EDTA (TBE) and Tris-phosphate. For this experiment‚ the best choice of buffer to use is TAE. The result of our experiment showed no bands. The reasons can be whether the concentration is either very low or DNA is not present
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Synthesis of Aspirin Learning Goals 1. To synthesize aspirin from salicylic acid and acetic anhydride. 2. To purify the crude product by Recrystallization. Introduction Most drugs are chemical compounds which are described as "organic compounds" because they are comprised primarily of the elements carbon‚ hydrogen and oxygen. The present experiment will be the synthesis of a familiar organic compound called aspirin. The common chemical name is acetylsalicylic acid. Aspirin‚ the
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To obtain a 1x concentration both SYBR-Green I and the loading buffer‚ 3.1µl of both were added to the PCR samples (25µl). 20µl of this mixture was loaded onto the Agarose gel. The gel was 1.5% agarose in 1x Tris-Acetate-EDTA (TAE; 40mM Tris-Acetate‚ 1mM EDTA‚ pH 8.3) and was run at 130 V for 60 minutes in a 1x TAE buffer. A 100bp ladder was used as a reference to compare the results to. The ladder was used because it reads from 100bp up to 1200bp fragments and we were expecting
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Abstract Depo-Provera Depo-Provera is a birth control that has been used for many things in the past years. It is mainly used on women as a contraceptive. Depo-Provera is a synthetic derivate of progesterone administered as an acetate salt with anti-estrogenic activity. This is an injected drug. This medicine/drug also causes change in the cervical mucus and urine lining‚ making it much harder for sperm to travel up to the uterus‚ and fertilize an egg. A person would have to inject
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purpose of this lab is to synthesize Lidocaine from 2‚6-dimethylaniline‚ using diethyl amine‚ 2-chloroacetyl chloride‚ acetic acid‚ and toluene. The Lidocaine was made by adding 2‚6-dimethylaniline to 2-chloroacetyl chloride in acetic acid. Sodium acetate is added in order to make the compound soluble. The product is dried‚ then treated with diethyl amine and toluene. This is refluxed using a water-cooled reflux condenser. The vapor is condensed by the cold water as the compound is being heated. A
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Drugs screen using Thin Layer Chromatography of basic illicit drugs Abstract The majority of evidence submitted to crime labs comes from drug-related crimes. Often‚ this evidence includes unidentified powders that may be illegal drugs. In order to prosecute individuals for possession of illegal substances‚ it is necessary for forensic scientists to positively identify any suspected drugs submitted to the laboratory. In addition‚ forensic toxicologists must determine the identity
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I. Product Background A. Introduction In this highly luxurious extravagant world‚ food and other beverages has always been one of the things which maintain the mainstream of life. Aside from being one of the basics for survival‚ gatherings are also made perfect by food preparation and stress is now often associated with food. This activities show that food intake nowadays is far different from the conventional times. Furthermore‚ this lavish lifestyle most of the people have results in an
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TESTS KELLER-KILIANI TEST FOR DIGITOXOSE The test consists of boiling about 1 g finely powdered digitalis with 10 ml 70 % alcohol for 2 to 3 minutes. The extract is filtered. To the filtrate is added‚ 5 ml water and 0.5 ml strong solution of lead acetate. Shake well and separate the filtrate. The clear filtrate is treated with equal volume of chloroform and evaporated to yield the extractive. The extractive is dissolved in glacial acetic acid and after cooling‚ 2 drops of ferric chloride solution
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speedy recovery. The most commonly used chemical in instant cold packs is ammonium nitrate which will be tested in the investigation along with four other chemicals in water. These other chemicals include potassium nitrate‚ potassium chloride‚ sodium acetate and sodium chloride. The two lowest chemicals will then be mixed together at different concentration ratios to see if this drops the temperature further. The chemical/s the produce the lowest temperatures will be tested and compared against a normal
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