Principle of steam jet refrigeration system: - The boiling point of a liquid changes with change in external pressure. In normal conditions‚ pressure exerted on the surface of a liquid is the atmospheric pressure. If this atmospheric pressure is reduced on the surface of a liquid‚ by some means‚ then the liquid will start boiling at lower temperature‚ because of reduced pressure. This basic principal of boiling of liquid at lower temperature by reducing the pressure on its surface is used in steam jet refrigeration
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The Steam Turbine‚ Part I The Steam Turbine by Sir CHARLES A. PARSONS‚ K.C.B. Best viewed with window no wider than the above line. THE STEAM TURBINE In modern times the progress of science has been phenomenally rapid. The old methods of research have given place to new. The almost infinite complexity of things has been recognized and methods‚ based on a co-ordination of data derived from accurate observation and tabulation of facts‚ have proved most successful in unravelling the secrets of
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Steam Engines A steam engine is a heat engine that performs mechanical work using steam as its working fluid. Using boiling water to produce motion goes back about 2000 years‚ but early devices were not practical. Since the late 1700’s steam engines have become a major source of mechanical power. The first steam-powered devices were used to pump water out of mines. In 1781‚ James Watt patented a steam engine that produced continuous rotative motion. These engines enabled a wide range of
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Unit-2 Subject : Applied Thermodynamics : Question bank Steam Nozzle-(Theory) 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 1 What is steam nozzle? Why it is convergent divergent? What assumptions are adopted in analyzing flow through nozzle? Explain the significance of critical pressure ratio. What is the steady flow energy equation of nozzle? Explain its use in calculating the steam velocity at exit? Why the divergent portion of nozzle is necessary? Define nozzle efficiency. What is the effect of friction in nozzle Explain
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Electron Spin Nuclear Magnetic Resonance (NMR) Spectroscopy Organic Chemistry BCH3015 • Electron spin is quantized. • The spin quantum number ms has only two allowed values: ms = +½ or –½ • The two directions of spin create oppositely spin create oppositely directed magnetic fields. fields. 61 Proton Spin Organic Chemistry BCH3015 62 Nuclear Spin States • A proton (the nucleus of a 1H atom) also possesses spin. For each nucleus having the spin quantum number
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The Steam Engine and the Civil War Question: How did the Steam Engine influence the Civil War and America in itself? Throughout the Civil War‚ there were many people and inventions that positively influenced The Civil War‚ but none other than the steam engine. The steam engine was one of the most influential inventions of the Civil War and America in itself. Before the Steam Engine trade was limited and the American economy was doing very poorly. The causes of this were the rules of trade and
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The Steam Engine The Genesis of the Steam Engine In the eighteenth century‚ people began to harness new resources to use to help with farm-ing. An English military engineer‚ Thomas Sav-ery‚ invented a water pump for mines. It later evolved into a coal-powered steam engine developed by Thomas Newcomen. Another man‚ James Watt‚ later improved Newcomen’s invention in 1764. The steam engine was the doorway to powering locomotives and steamships. Savery’s invent-tion‚ the water pump‚ was also known
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invented the steam engine. These both engines were inefficient but later on‚ James Watt improved its efficiency level by the addition
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STEAM TURBINES A steam turbine is a prime mover which converts heat energy into mechanical energy. In a conventional steam turbines cycle‚ water is used as the working fluid. The water is heated in a boiler by burning fuel. It evaporates into steam which is expanded in a turbine where mechanical power is generated. The steam generated is of high temperature and high pressure. The temperature is often in the 450 to 540 degrees centigrade range. The pressure ranges between 60 and 120 bar. The
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Steam engines were the first engine type to see widespread use. They were first invented by Thomas Newcomen in 1705‚ and James Watt (who we remember each time we talk about "60-watt light bulbs" and the such) made big improvements to steam engines in 1769. Steam engines ¬powered all early locomotives‚ steam boats and factories‚ and therefore acted as the foundation of the Industrial Revolution. In this article‚ we’ll learn exactly how steam engines work.74 Steam Engine Operation The
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