Materials and methods Preparation of saponins from sea cucumber: Saponins were isolated from the sea cucumber‚ Holothuria thomasi (purchased from Hurghada‚ Red sea‚ Egypt and identified by Zoology department‚ Faculty of science‚ Tanta‚ Egypt)‚ according to the method described by Hu et al.‚ (2010) with some modification. Air-dried body walls (750 g) of sea cucumber were grinded into powder and extracted with eight liter with refluxing ethanol. The combined extracts were evaporated with rotary evaporator
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abound -like the couple who lived happily ever after...and then got married. [Podcast radio programme]. (2008‚ February 20) Sydney: ABC Radio National. Retrieved November 4‚ 2013 from http://www.abc.net.au/reslib/200803/r229466_914710.mp3 •Schwartz‚ B. Too Much Choice. (2006‚ October 14) [Video] Retrieved November 4‚ 2013 from http://www.ted.com/talks/lang/eng/barry_schwartz_on_the_paradox_of_choic e.html
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returned to the separating funnel and washed with 15% NaCl solution. Anhydrous sodium sulfate was used as the drying agent and allowed the solution to stay for 15 minutes. The Erlenmeyer flask was weighed and the pipet was used to transfer the solution from the drying agent to the flask. Finally‚ the hood was used to remove the dichloromethane with a stream of nitrogen in the beaker of water at the temperature 50°C. The flask was weighed again to determine the final product after the nitrogen was blown
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EXPERIMENT 1: TITLE: ISOMERISM AND KINETICS IN COORDINATION CHEMISTRY OBJECTIVE: 1. To prepare and study the kinetics of the interconversion of some of the isomers of a typical coordination compound. INTRODUCTION: Isomerism played a central role to establish the basic concept in coordination chemistry while reaction kinetics of coordination compound is known as the area of continuing intense research activity. The mechanism of the reactions of coordination compounds relevance
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sodium and other nutrients are reabsorbed into the bloodstream in the capillaries surrounding the tubules. Water moves via the process of osmosis: movement of water from an area of higher concentration to one of lower concentration. Tubular secretion is the final step in the process of urine formation which transfers materials from peritubular capillaries to renal tubular lumen and occurs mainly by active transport. ADH is secreted by the posterior pituitary (neurohypophysis) when there is a decrease
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most efficient use of resources while preserving the most energy. One stimulus to consider‚ is the exposure of plants to sunlight; when plants are just sprouting and are underground‚ the stimulus of not having any sunlight prevents the plants from growing chlorophyll and thus from growing leaves. SInce no sunlight is present underground‚ growing leaves would be pointless and would stunt the very essential growth of the plant as well as wasting very precious resources. Therefore hormones in the plant signal the formation of proteins that inhibit
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Introduction Memory is defined as the faculty by which the mind stores and remembers information(Eysenck & keane‚ 2010). Atkinson and Shiffrin (1968) (Cowan‚ Rouder‚ & Stadler‚ 2000)‚ came up with a model of sensory memory which stated not everything we perceive we process. Craik and Tulving (1975) developed an opposing theory in which they proposed the levels of processing theory‚ stating its not the processing but the type of quality of the processing that is performed‚ that determines the retention
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Effect of enzyme concentration on rate of reaction Research question: is there a relationship between catalase concentration and the rate of reaction? Hypotheses: if the enzyme concentration is increased then the rate of reaction will increase. If the enzyme concentration is decreased then the rate of reaction will decrease. Controlled: temperature Independent: % catalyze concentration ( Dependent: rate of reaction (mm/s) Materials: Mortar and pestle Graduated cylinder Distilled
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1. OBJECTIVES (a) To determine the equivalent circuit parameters of a 3-phase squirrel-cage induction motor from laboratory test data. (b) To determine the performance characteristics of an induction motor under load conditions. (c) To control the no-load speed of an induction motor. 2. INTRODUCTION 2.1 Three-phase squirrel-cage induction motors An induction motor is a transformer with a rotating secondary winding. It has two essential components: an outer stationary stator and an
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nm (A = 0.7215). Assuming Beer’s law holds A = ac (3.1) what are the values for %T (percent transmission) and a (absorption coefficient‚ in units of L/mol.cm) for the molecule at the above two wavelengths? Also do the following from Atkins. Exercise 9.16b Estimate the lifetime of a state that gives rise to a line of width a) 200. MHz‚ b) 2.45 cm-1. (Note that lifetime broadening is discussed in Section 9.6 of Atkins‚ pp 350-352. The key equation is E = /‚ where E is
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