Chapter 6 Study Guide Fluids‚ Electrolytes‚ and Acid-Base balance Compartmental Distribution of Body Fluids 2/3 of the body’s water is contained in the ICF‚ the remaining 1/3 is in the ECF ICF fluid volume is regulated by proteins and other non-diffusible organic compounds in cells Interstitial fluids (IF) act as a transport vehicle for gasses‚ nutrients‚ wastes‚ and other materials 14%-16% of body weight Reservoir for maintenance of vascular volume; used during hemorrhage
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exposure to an infection and subsequent illness‚ or that between the instant of stimulation and the beginning of response. 2. What is the role of acetylcholine in a skeletal muscle contraction? Acetylcholine is the chemical signal the nerve sends to the muscle to cause contraction 3. Describe the process of excitation-contraction coupling in skeletal muscle fibers. ACH is released at the end-plate potential. ACH diffuses into the sarcolemma‚ attaches to the receptors in the motor end plate and causes
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excitation-contraction in which electrical pulses trigger action potentials‚ The twitch is the result of a mechanical response to a single action potential. Electrical Stimulus: An isolated stimulus that sends energy through a muscle in which a response occurs. The stimulus generates movement in the muscle and causes the muscle to generate contractions. Latent Period: The beginning stage of muscle contractions. This stage produces no muscle force‚ but prepares the cells for oncoming contractions by releasing
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Cardio Vascular System The Heart The heartis a muscular pumping organ located medial to the lungs along the body’s midline in the thoracic region. The bottom tip of the heart‚ known as its apex‚ is turned to the left‚ so that about 2/3 of the heart is located on the body’s left side with the other 1/3 on right. The top of the heart‚ known as the heart’s base‚ connects to the great blood vessels of the body: theaorta‚ vena cava‚ pulmonary trunk‚ and pulmonary veins. Circulatory Loops There are
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it contains from oranges. I also think that Gatorade will be the most preferred drink because of taste. III. Research- Sport drinks are most times are divided into three groups‚ which are Isotonic‚ Hypertonic‚ and Hypotonic. They are categorized by the concentration of electrolytes. Isotonic sports drinks contain similar concentrations of electrolytes as those found in the human body. Hypertonic sports drinks contain higher concentrations of electrolytes than what is found in the body
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through a selectively permeable membrane. 9) A cell placed in different solutions: i. hypotonic solution : A cell placed in it will gain water. ii. hypertonic solution: A cell placed in it will lose water: Also known as plasmolysis. iii. isotonic solution: A cell placed in it will neither gain nor lose water 10) Cells of Plants‚ fungi & bacteria: Contain both plasma membrane & cell wall. Cell wall is rigid‚ non-living & outer most covering‚ composed mainly of cellulose. 11)
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PSNS exert similar effects -Salivary glands: PSNS alone produces watery saliva‚ SNS and PSNS produce thicker saliva Cooperative-SNS and PSNS act differently but work together -Micturition:SNS increases tone of bladder muscles‚ PSNS promotes contraction -Penis:PSNS causes erection‚ejaculation is due to SNS What are the two divisions of the ANS? Sympathetic-fight or flight Parasympathetic-rest and digest Sympathetic Nervous System "Thoracolumbar" -SNS ganglia are found primarily along vertebral
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EXERCISE 7 Respiratory System Mechanics O B J E C T I V E S 1. To explain how the respiratory and circulatory systems work together to enable gas exchange among the lungs‚ blood‚ and body tissues 2. To define respiration‚ ventilation‚ alveoli‚ diaphragm‚ inspiration‚ expiration‚ and partial pressure 3. To explain the differences between tidal volume‚ inspiratory reserve volume‚ expiratory reserve volume‚ vital capacity‚ residual volume‚ total lung capacity‚ forced vital capacity‚ forced expiratory
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When it was put in the spectrophotometer we saw the intensity of the color was .647; significantly higher than the other solvents. Of all the solvents the isotonic solution of .9% slaine had the lowest concentration of betacyanin. This is because the .9% saline solvent is representative of normal conditions in the cell which are isotonic meaning everything is balanced. Membranes are sensitive not only to chemical changes but to temperature changes as well as . They are sensitive to extreme temperatures in both directions of the scale
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vacuole c. central vacuole 6. Plasma membrane D. Mitochondria E. Chloroplasts F. Peroxisomes G. Cytoskeleton (Table on page 113) 1. Microtubules a. cilia b. flagella 2. Microfilaments (actin) a. muscle contraction b. pseudopodia c. cyotplasmic streaming 3. Intermediate filaments H. Extracellular components and connections 1. Cell walls of plants a. primary cell wall b. secondary cell wall c. middle lamella 2. Extracellular
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