Thermal Expansion and Contraction Most of the matters‚ without some exceptions‚ expand with the increasing temperature. When you give heat to matters; speed of its particles increase and distance between them also increase which results in the increase of the volumes of matters. All expansions occurs in volume of the substance however‚ sometimes some of the dimensions of them expand more with respect to others. In this case we neglect the less expanded ones and assume expansion like linear expansion
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muscle has similarities with the skeletal muscles‚ because it is striated. Furthermore‚ it has slight similarities to the smooth muscles‚ because its contractions are not under conscious control. On the other hand this type of muscle is highly specialised. It is under the control of the autonomic nervous system‚ however‚ even without nervous imput contractions can occur due to cells called pacemaker cells. Cardiac muscle is highly resistant to fatigue due to the presence of a large number of mitochondria
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Muscle contractions tend to be smooth and vary in strengths‚ depending on the demands placed on them. The variations of strength are called graded muscle responses. There are two ways a muscle contraction can be graded‚ either by changing the frequency of stimulation or by changing the strength of the stimulation. When a muscle is responding to a change in stimulus frequency‚ the nervous system will reach a greater muscular force when increasing the firing of motor neurons. This causes a wave or
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Muscle Contraction & Excitation Muscle excitation takes place when there is a synaptic transmission and induction of an impulse. There are six steps that take place during muscle excitation. (1)The action potential travels down the somatic motor neuron axon reaching the synaptic bulb causing calcium ions to flow into the synaptic bulb. (2)The increase of calcium in the synaptic bulb causes the synaptic vesicles to undergo exocytosis. (Exocytosis a process that allows large molecule to leave
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between the generation of an action potential and the start of muscle tension development in a muscle fiber? You correctly answered: c. the latent period What occurs during the latent period of these isometric contractions? You correctly answered: b. All the steps of excitation-contraction coupling occur. Experiment Data: Voltage 0.0 3.0 4.0 6.0 8.0 10.0 Length 75 75 75 75 75 75 Active Force 0.00 1.04 1.32 1.65 1.81 1.82 Passive Force 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 Total Force 0.00 1.04 1.32 1.65
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During a Muscle Contraction The muscle fiber is in a resting state. The resting state is slightly negative inside and slightly positive outside. It has to be in this state in order to receive a message. First the brain sends a message to the muscle using a neuron then reaches the axon terminal of the neuron. Calcium gates then open on the axon terminal allowing calcium to rush in. Ach release from axon terminals‚ diffuses across the synaptic clef and binds to (receptors) on motor end plate. Then
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transport | |concentration of solutes compared to another solution |e. hypotonic | | |f. isotonic | |__A__ the movement of molecules from an area of higher |g. hypertonic | |concentration to an area of lower concentration as a result
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Session 1- PhysioEx Exercise 11—Kyle 1. List the following values from Chart 1: Hematocrit value for healthy male living at sea level in Boston 48 Hematocrit value for healthy female living at sea level in Boston 44 2. Were the values listed in question 1 within normal range? Yes 3. Describe the difference between the male and the female hematocrit for an individual living in Boston. The secretion of erythropoetin from the kidneys stimulates testosterone in males. Erythropoetin makes
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CHAPTER 4 AIRCRAFT BASIC CONSTRUCTION INTRODUCTION Naval aircraft are built to meet certain specified requirements. These requirements must be selected so they can be built into one aircraft. It is not possible for one aircraft to possess all characteristics; just as it isn’t possible for an aircraft to have the comfort of a passenger transport and the maneuverability of a fighter. The type and class of the aircraft determine how strong it must be built. A Navy fighter must be fast‚ maneuverable
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will be linear (a straight line)? Your answer : b. no Stop & Think Questions: What is the driving force for blood flow? You correctly answered: b. pressure gradient How does the body increase the blood vessel radius? Your answer : a. smooth muscle contraction Correct answer: c. smooth muscle relaxation Experiment Data: Flow (ml/min) 4.0 12.6 30.7 63.6 117.8 201.0 321.9 490.6 Radius (mm) 1.5 2.0 2.5 3.0 3.5 4.0 4.5 5.0 Viscosity 1.0 1.0 1.0 1.0 1.0 1.0 1.0 1.0 Length (mm) 50 50 50 50 50 50 50 50 Pressure
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