References: Human Anatomy and Physiology Laboratory Manual by Elaine N. Marieb and Susan Mitchell PhysioEx 8.0 Laboratory Experiments in Physiology http://www.biology-questions-and-answers.com/cell-membrane.html
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During this coursework‚ I would be investigating the concept of relational contracting and how it is used in the real world‚ this would be followed by a full explanation of the advantages and disadvantages of relational contracting‚ supported by real case studies and how some of the advantages in turn might lead to the saving in transaction costs. Managing the relationship between various parties is becoming crucial as the industry is moving from fragmented and adversarial ways of working. Under
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In this lab‚ we are measuring the EMG amp (mV)‚ or electrical activity‚ from action potentials produced from muscle contractions in order to gain an indication of the number of active motor units used in the contraction. This is done by adding more load to the muscle or force. There is examining of the EMG amp produced from a twitch at varying levels of muscle force and EMG amp from muscles when more load is placed on them. During the experiment‚ we set up the equipment‚ electrodes and software
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Viany Reyes November 08‚ 2011 Dr. Dunaway Neuronal signaling in muscle contraction is triggered when an action potential reaches the neuromuscular junction. At this junction‚ acetylcholine (ACh) is the main neurotransmitter. Packaged in vesicles‚ ACh fuses with the neuron’s membrane and is released into the synaptic cleft. ACh diffuses toward the motor end plate and bind to the neurotransmitter receptor on it. The muscle fiber is then triggered to produce an action potential of its own
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Effect of Stimulus Frequency on Skeletal Muscle Contraction Lab Report Pre-lab Quiz Results You scored 25% by answering 1 out of 4 questions correctly. 1. During a single twitch of a skeletal muscle Your answer : a. calcium is not released from the sarcoplasmic reticulum. Correct answer: b. maximal force is never achieved. 2. When a skeletal muscle is repetitively stimulated‚ twitches can overlap each other and result in a stronger muscle contraction than a stand-alone twitch. This phenomenon
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Excitation Contraction Coupling Process The sequence of events that converts action potentials in a muscle fiber to a contraction is know as excitation contraction coupling. In order for a skeletal muscle fiber to contract‚ it has to get a signal from the nervous system. The part of the nervous system that it gets a signal from is called a motor neuron. An electoral signal‚ called an action potential travels down the axon and to the axon terminal. At the end of the motor neuron are structures
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lined again‚ it continued to follow this trace continuously. 7. What part of the trace shows the refractory period? The atrial contraction is the part of the trace that shows the refractory period. 8. Does summation occur? No‚ summation does not occur. 9. Why is it important that summation not occur in heart muscle? Summation would increase the Heart muscle contractions which would lead to a heart attack. Activity 2: Vagus Nerve Stimulation 1. Describe the effect of the vagus nerve stimulation
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REPORT Activity 2: Twitch Contractions and Summation PREDICTIONS Effect of Muscle Fiber Length on Contraction 1. As muscle fiber length increases: contraction force increases‚ becoming maximum at an optimal length‚ then decreasing at longer lengths. Effect of Stimulation Frequency on Contraction 2. As the frequency of stimulation increases‚ the force of contraction: increases. MATERIALS AND METHODS Measurement of Threshold Stimulus 1. Dependent Variable: contraction force. 2. Independent
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flat lined again it continue to follow this trace continuously. 7. What part of the trace shows the refractory period? The atrial contraction is the part of the trace that shows the refractory period 8. Does summation occur? No summation 9. Why is it important that summation not occur in heart muscle? Summation would increase the Heart muscle contractions which would lead to heart attack. Activity 2: Vagus Nerve Stimulation 1. Describe the effect of the vagus nerve stimulation
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Theme: Energy Learning Area: 2. Heat Learning Objective: 2.4 Applying the principles of expansion and contraction of matter Learning Outcome: A student is able to: • Apply principle of expansion and contraction of matter in solving simple problems Materials: Activity sheets 1 – 5. (provided to the groups during the previous class)‚mahjong papers and marker pens‚ LCD projector Teacher: Good morning boys and girls. What have you learnt yesterday? Teacher waits and listens to students’
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