lens guides them around it. Subsequently‚ the positive ions in the plasma are focused down the quadropole mass analyser. In the quadrupole the ions are separated on the basis of their mass-to-charge ratio. Each element has its own characteristic isotopes and masses and will therefore produce its own mass spectrum. After passing the quadrupole the ions hit a special detector. It contains two stages to allow simultaneous measurements of high and low signals. This allows simultaneous detection of main
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to the human diet. 2.3 Distinguish between the size‚ location‚ and properties of protons‚ electrons‚ and neutrons. 2.3 Define the atomic number and mass number of an atom. 2.3 Define an isotope and explain what makes some isotopes radioactive. 2.4 Describe the uses and dangers of radioactive isotopes. Chemical Bonds 2.5 Explain how the electron configuration of an atom influences its chemical behavior. 2.6–2.8 Distinguish between covalent bonds‚ nonpolar polar covalent bonds‚ polar
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valence shell on each of these. Ions Loss or gain of an electron makes an atom into an ion. + Gaining an electron makes a positive or negative ion? - Losing an electron makes a positive or negative ion? Isotopes Atoms that gain or lose a neutron become isotopes. Radioactive isotopes are used in medicine for imaging (such as PET scanners). Why is this important? • Each element has distinct properties: color‚ melting point‚ reactivity‚ etc. • The basic atomic structure of each element determines that element’s
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Approximately 85 percent of diagnostic imaging procedures in nuclear medicine use this isotope. Technetium-99m is made from the synthetic substance Molybdenum-99 which is a by-product of nuclear fission. It is because of its parent nuclide‚ that Technetium-99m is so suitable to modern medicine. Molybdenum-99 has a half-life of approximately
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1. Describe the structure of an atom? The subatomic particles that make up atoms are protons‚ neutrons‚ and electrons. 2. Why do all isotopes of an element have the same chemical properties? In what way do isotopes of an element differ? An isotope has the same number of protons but a different number of neutrons in the nucleus. 3. What is a covalent bond? An ionic bond? An ionic bond is formed when one or more electrons are transferred from one atom to another. Covalent bond forms when
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nuclear fission currently holds the upper hand as a nuclear fusion reactor is yet to be formed. Nuclear fission occurs when a stable isotope is hit by a neutron causing the isotope to absorb it‚ making it unstable and splitting it apart releasing huge amounts of energy. Nuclear fission is currently used for nuclear weapons and nuclear reactors‚ examples of isotopes that can undergo the process are Uranium235 and Plutonium 239. Advantages of Nuclear fission are that it doesn’t release carbon emissions
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Plutonium Essay I would like to work on the metal plutonium because the discovery of plutonium has a great impact on the world. Plutonium’s symbol is Pu and its atomic number is 94. This element has 150 neutrons and 94 protons and its standard atomic weigh is 244. Plutonium is located in the 7th period and it is a silvery white metal. One of its main uses is to act as the fuel of nuclear fission Plutonium does not exist naturally‚ although some say that small
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THE CHEMISTRY OF LIFE (Review 1-7) I. Basic Chemistry A. Elements 1. Definition- an element is a substance composed of a single type of atom 2. Major elements of the human body 3. Trace elements of the body B. Atoms 1. Definition- the atom is the smallest part of an element which cannot be broken down further by ordinary chemical means. Atoms are composed of protons‚ neutrons and electrons. 2. Particles that make up atoms
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Definition of an isotope: An isotope is an Atom with the same number of protons‚ but differing numbers of neutrons. Isotopes are different forms of a single element. Smoke Detectors I) Americium-241 emits alpha particles. II)The alpha particles emitted by the Am-241 collide with the oxygen and nitrogen in air in the detector’s ionisation chamber to produce charged particles (ions). When smoke enters the chamber‚ the smoke particles attach to the charged ions‚ neutralizing them
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Radiopharmaceuticals Used For Imaging Mechanism of Localization of Radiopharmaceutical Patient Preparation Imaging Protocols Image Findings Technical Considerations Multi-Gated Acquisition Scan (MUGA) Is a nuclear medicine test that uses a radioactive isotope called a tracer to access how well the human heart is pumping blood Multi-Gated Acquisition Scan MUGA Scan Also known as: Gated Blood Pool Imaging Radionuclide Angiography (RNA) Radionuclide Ventriculography (RVG‚ RNV) Myocardial Perfusion
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