www.ProcessEngr.com Oil Refinery Processes A Brief Overview Ronald (Ron) F. Colwell‚ P.E. mol`bpp Copyright © 2009 Process Engineering Associates‚ LLC. All rights reserved. “Excellence in Applied Chemical Engineering” Some Historical Events • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • 3000 BC Sumerians use asphalt as an adhesive; Eqyptians use pitch to grease chariot wheels; Mesopotamians use bitumen to seal boats 600 BC Confucius writes about drilling a 100’ gas well
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ARAB OIL BOOM The Arab oil boom took place after the 1967 war. The 1973 oil crisis began on October 17‚ 1973‚ when Arab members of the OPEC‚ during the Yom Kippur War‚ announced that they would no longer ship petroleum to nations that had supported Israel. This included the United States and its allies in Western Europe. At around this same time‚ the OPEC members agreed to use their leverage over the world price-setting mechanism for oil in order to quadruple world oil prices. The dependence
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THE REFINERY ‚WITHDRAWAL OF OIL SUBSIDIES AND APPROPRIATE PRICING IN A LIBERALISED ECONOMY. . INTRODUCTION. Nigeria is blessed with vast quantity of oil making it the 6th largest oil exporter in the organization of petroleum exporting country. Oil is a major source of energy in Nigeria and the world in general. Oil being the mainstay of the Nigerian economy plays a vital role in shaping the economic and political destiny of the country. Although Nigeria’s oil industry was founded at the
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Gulf of Mexico Oil Spill Amy Burkett Environmental Science April 20‚ of 2010 a BP’s oil rig Deep water Horizon had blown up out in the Gulf of Mexico. It had killed 11 people and let more the 200 million gallon of oil into the ocean water. The oil spill had damaged over 1‚000 miles of the shore lines. A study was done by the Center for Biological diversity and it had shown that over 82‚000 birds
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Shell Oil in Nigeria 1. What are some of the factors explaining why corruption and bribery are so high in Nigeria? Nigeria is considered to be one of the most corrupt countries in the world. Many different forms of corruption are familiar to Nigeria including political corruption‚ bureaucratic corruption‚ electoral corruption‚ embezzlement‚ and bribery. Corruption has even been said to be a viable enterprise in Nigeria due to the involvement of citizens‚ government officials‚ and private
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your home using home cures. Castor Oil Castor oil is one of the natural cures for bumps on penis. It is very simple as you simply need to apply the oil using cotton balls on the affected area four times each day until the pearly penile papules disappear. Your penis must be left exposed while the oil of castor saturates your penis skin to achieve the best results. Most men who are suffering this disease really go for this procedure. Tea Tree Oil Using tea tree oil to get rid penis papules is also
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NIGERIA AND OIL By: Fariha Ahsan‚ period 5 This article displays a vivid picture for us about the conditions in Nigeria due to the oil reserves. Though Nigeria contained the potential to strive and become a wealthy oil nation‚ leaving the cocoon of poverty encompassing Africa- it became trapped in a lot of corrupt dealings. Today‚ the Niger Delta in Nigeria has caught the attention of world wide humanitarian and environmental activists. The article states how in the past‚ the corrupt government
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Explain the use of crude oil as a source of both aliphatic and aromatic hydrocarbons Crude oil: a complex mixture of hydrocarbons found in layers of rock beneath the earth’s surface Aliphatic Hydrocarbons: contain chains of carbon atoms that may be branched Aromatic Hydrocarbons: contain Benzene rings- rings of carbon atoms with delocalized electrons Alkanes all have different boiling points dependent on the length of the carbon chain in the molecule. The smaller chains ie. the most volatile
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Page 1: Introduction OPITO is the focal point for skills‚ learning and workforce development in the oil & gas industry. It aims to deliver the right skills for the industry now and in the future. OPITO was established to meet industry demand for a competent and competitive workforce. To achieve this it works with industry employers‚ training providers and higher education providers. Careers for life are now relatively rare in the UK. Individuals now have more varied career options‚ career progression
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Oil refining in China Ed chen‚ a strategic planner at a international oil and gas firm was assigned with the task to look for investment opportunities in the china’s refining industry and also to see whether there was any room for foreign competition or if was a local-only-game. Downstream constraints have always been a major factor which will ease neither quickly nor cheaply”. “ Crude oil prices have continued to increase in the period 2001-2005 and according to the” Medium term oil market
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