1. RONALD DWORKIN: According to Dworkin‚ democracy is an egalitarian perception to political equality (). Dworkin argues for a substantive approach to democratic procedure; in effort to secure an equal distribution of political power to citizens as a whole (9; 117). Dworkin’s consequential approach classifies two types of political decisions: “choice-sensitive” and “choice-insensitive” issues (132). Dworkin defines choice-sensitive issues in terms of justice that: “depends essentially on character
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Comparing democracies There are four major factors that contributed to the new interest in comparing democracies that is the comparison of regimes‚ the ‘third wave’ of democratization‚ institutional engineering‚ and the last one is Neo-institutionalism. The first factor comes from the study of Powell (1982) and Lijphart (1984) that has characterize and compare democratic regimes as a whole. Lijphart has elaborated the distinction of the majoritarian and the consensus models of democracy to prove
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Democracy in America: Individualism and Materialism. Volume 1 concentrates on the influence on democratic social state on laws and political mores. * Democracy in America * Impressed and optimistic Volume 2 concentrates on the influence of democratic social state on civil society and culture. * Democracy as such. * Apprehensive and gloomy. Volume II Part I: Chapter 1: On the Philosophic method of the Americans * “It is religion that gave birth to the Anglo-American
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Whitman’s Democracy "I speak the pass-word primeval‚ I give the sign of democracy‚ By God! I will Accept nothing which all cannot have their counterpart of on the same terms." This is Whitman’s expression of the idea of democracy taken from "Song of Myself." In this all encompassing interpretation Whitman says that the freedom offered by democracy is for all not a chosen few. It included all people‚ not renouncing those of other races‚ creeds‚ or social standings. Examples
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Democracy or Dictatorship It is very unfortunate that after 63 years of creation of Pakistan added to the 200 years of struggle against foreign intruders‚ we are still debating over Democracy and Dictatorship is Pakistan. We were able to get an independent state but failed to give freedom‚ equality‚ tolerance‚ social justice and democracy to its people. Iqbal’s Pakistan was never achieved; we got Jinnah’s Pakistan but lost part of it in 1971. It’s up to us whether we blame it on failed democracy
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Socrates on Democracy Socrates makes it very clear; he is not a fan of Democracy. He is openly objected to the type of democracy that Athens was running during his adult life. In contrast he was against all forms of government at the time. Socrates believes in the connection between virtue and knowledge. The masses‚ being uneducated‚ were therefore not virtuous and not fit to rule. Democracy is the rule of people‚ and as a group people are very indecisive so we end up trying to have everything
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The final thinker‚ Chaput‚ provides arguments that both explicitly portray the conflicts and tensions between modern liberal democracy and Christianity‚ but he also proposes a clear solution. Foremost‚ he recognizes that “Catholics not only don’t fit in America‚ we also know we don’t fit in” (Chaput‚ 1). Because of this realization‚ he understands that something needs to be done‚ but he argues that a better model for lay Catholics to follow than St. Benedict is St. Augustine who “engaged in the problems
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Failure of Democracy in Pakistan Almost 150 years ago‚ Abraham Lincoln defined democracy as a Government of the people‚ by the people and for the people. Democracy is a form of government in which the authority of government is based on the will of masses. Democracy aims at defining the relationship between the ruler and the masses in such a manner that primacy is assigned to the latter. After sixty years of its existence as an independent country democracy has remained an elusive dream in Pakistan
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According to Hewitt (2011) “the European Union’s finest hour was when it stood as a beacon for democracy‚ the rule of law and a civil society and enticed the peoples of Eastern Europe to embrace freedom.” Despite such a rich tradition of democracy‚ the burning question which has been recurrently on the lips of renowned academics and political thinkers/actors is whether or not Britain is facing a crisis in democracy‚ with some responding to this question in the affirmative. It has therefore been argued by
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Democracy of Kyrgyzstan Is Kyrgyzstan a democratic country or is it still an authoritarian regime? Different experts might have different answers and opinions to this question. In order to find an accurate answer to this question‚ it is important to know profound definitions of both democracy and authoritarian regime. As a student who is still learning about democracy‚ I define democracy as a political system in which citizens have the power to elect politicians to present them‚ through a free and
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