bad. God as well as the individual defines what the good is. James Rachels believes that being a child of God and also an autonomous moral agent is completely incompatible. His argument is that one cannot fully worship a God without giving up one’s own moral standards. Rachels declares that if one confirms that there is‚ indeed‚ a God‚ the thought in itself makes you a servant of god. Working in full service of God means‚ to Rachels‚ that one would be abandoning all of one’s own moral standings
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Cultural Relativism is a perspective that moral codes vary from culture to culture‚ no moral code within in a culture is superior to the other codes in different cultures; This ideology comes from that there is no universal truth‚ meaning there is no philosophical standard that determines if something is either right or wrong‚ therefore one cannot establish that something is “better.” In “The Challenge of Cultural Relativism‚” James Rachels introduces the topic by introducing Darius whom is a king
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James Rachels argues against theories of selfishness that the psychological egoists maintain. He challenges the view that everyone always does what he or she wants by showing that we often dounpleasant tasks for the future pleasures or from obligation. Altruism is recognized as not acting in self interest. He also clears up the confusions that selfishness and self interest share the same meaning. *Psychological egoists argue that we always do what we want to do. Rachel says that is questionable and
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The philosopher James Rachels has an argument that shows that the distinction between acts and omissions is not as helpful as it looks. Consider these two cases: •Smith will inherit a fortune if his 6 year old cousin dies. •One evening Smith sneaks into the bathroom where the child is having his bath and drowns the boy. •Smith then arranges the evidence so that it looks like an accident. •Jones will inherit a fortune if his 6 year old cousin dies. •One evening Jones sneaks into the bathroom where
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For Rachels and Rachels‚ "The Challenge of Cultural Relativism‚" in Abel pp. 397-409. All of your responses should be written in complete sentences. What is the “Cultural Differences” argument? Different cultures have different moral codes. Therefore‚ there is no objective "truth" in morality. Right and wrong are only matters of opinion and opinions vary from culture to culture. Why do Rachels and Rachels think it is a bad argument? The conclusion does not follow from the premise that is‚ even if
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Darwin Species and morality James Rachels seeks to amplify the ideology between morality and Darwin’s moral treatment of organisms of different species. He says that Darwin advocated for treatment of both humans and non-humans equally without discrimination. This despite his continued use of non-humans for investigative research according to his son was the resultant effect of distaste for cruelty against animals as well as slavery. Rachels explains that Darwin’s theory of morality seems to interject
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An Exposition on James Rachels: “Does Morality Depend on Religion?” James Rachels argues that morality and religion are separate entities. He states that “morality is a matter of reason and conscience‚ not religious faith” and that “right and wrong are not defined in terms of God’s will.”i He uses the Divine Command Theory‚ the Theory of Natural Law‚ and the use of religious scripture and tradition to establish how and where the two subjects are separated. Rachels believes that there is a
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Summary: Active and Passive Euthanasia (James Rachels) James Rachels argues against the traditional doctrine in medicine that prohibits the physician from taking any action which would contribute to the death of a patient. Rachels takes the position that in some cases‚ abiding by this doctrine leads to more suffering. In the situation where continued medical support would prolong suffering‚ doctors have the option of discontinuing support. If‚ according to Rachel‚ they choose that option on the basis
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In James Rachels’ books‚ The Elements of Moral Philosophy‚ the chapter made several points about virtue. Virtue can be defined in different ways and mean different per every person. But‚ virtue needs to bring good morals and be justified with good reasons. Good characteristic makes a person virtuous. Should Virtue Ethics be practice again? Definition of virtue brings a lot of competent. Structures of virtue‚ can set many explanations and problems. But‚ virtue is important because the upright morals
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1. The relativist theory is the theory that morality is different for individual people. It is up to the individual themselves to determine what actions are considered right and wrong. In the relativist theory morality is defined by humans. The universalist theory differs because this theory states that morality is the same for all humans not the individual. When studying a different person‚ a relativist researcher would believe that their morality differs from the person they are studying because
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