Assess the merits of Utilitarianism (24 Marks) Utilitarianism is a theory aimed at defining one simple basis that can be applied when making any ethical decision. It is based on a human’s natural instinct to seek pleasure and avoid pain. Jeremy Bentham is widely regarded as the father of utilitarianism. He was born in 1748 into a family of lawyers and was himself‚ training to join the profession. During this process however‚ he became disillusioned by the state British law was in and set out
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valuable: a game of push-pin or the study of Latin? Which has greater worth: the life of a single young girl or the lives of an entire community? These are the sorts of questions raised when dealing with the matter of utilitarianism. According to Jeremy Bentham‚ the father of the theory‚ the ultimate moral goal of human beings should be to increase pleasure and to decrease pain. To maximize the amount of time spent in content‚ and minimize the times of depression. And he has a point. Simply stated
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Outline and illustrate the turn-taking system as described in Conversation Analysis Introduction to Discourse Student Number: 12022165 Academic year 2012/2013 TABLE OF CONTENT 1 INTRODUCITON 2 TURN-TAKING 3 STRUCTURE OF THE TURN-TAKING SYSTEM 3.1 Techniques for selecting the next speaker 4 OPENING AND CLOSING OF THE CONVERSATION 4.1 Openings 4.1.1 Topic 4.2 Closings 5 CONCLUSION INTRODUCITON In conversation people seem to follow a certain rule of communication which
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Every Society and community has a ruler that leads it; there should be power and authorities on any kind of group from smallest to largest in order to maintain unity and avoid chaos. There are many types of power; of course‚ there are positive and negative types of power as well. Michel Foucault‚ the French philosopher‚ historian‚ critic‚ and social theorist‚ addresses the connection between power and knowledge through his theories‚ and in what ways they’re used as a method of social control. “Power
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and complimenting companion" where the inmate compliments you and tries to make you feel good. And number four is "the teammate" where the inmate acts like he is on your side with a conflict you have. 5. Utilitarian ethical system was founded by Jeremy Bentham in 1780. Utilitarianism says that your choices and actions should be made solely based on the amount of happiness it makes. the more people that benefit from it the better. If you have two options then you should pick the one that brings the
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Utilitarianism Valeria Ornelas Grand Canyon University: PHI 305 10/30/14 John Stuart Mill’s Moral Theory John Stuart Mill‚ a philosopher and political economist‚ is known today as one of the most influential sponsors for Utilitarianism. His moral theory tends to go along with a “Utilitarian rubric” (Fitzpatrick‚ 2006) and thus holds that the theory is based on how to define right and wrong in terms of happiness. For Mill‚ “actions are right in proportion as they tend to promote happiness‚ wrong
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Punishment and Responsibility: Essays in the philosophy of Law Hegel‚G.W.F. (1821) The Philosophy of Rights‚ trans. T Knox. Oxford: Oxford University Press (1942) Herring‚ J Hudson (2003) Understanding Justice 2nd Ed. Maidenhead: Open University Press Jeremy Bentham‚ (1988) The Principles of Morals and Legislation Amherst: Prometheus Books‚ Kessler Ferzan‚K. Justifying Self Defence‚ Law & Philosophy 2005 24(6) Moore‚M.S (1997) Placing Blame: A Theory of Criminal Law‚ Oxford University Press Nathanson
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Who Possesses Agency? Michel Foucault’s work in which he titled Panopticism‚ he explains his views on power; how it is operated‚ obtained and sustained. He based the word panopticism on Jeremy Bentham’s panopticon - an architectural design of a building that enables the one who possesses agency to see each cell that a subject of power is incarcerated to. Foucault writes that “Visibility is a trap” (Foucault‚ 286) because the tower is used to “induce in the inmate a state of conscious and permanent
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died in France in 1973. John Stuart Mill was the eldest son of a Scottish philosopher James Mill and had a very rigorous upbringing shielded from peers from his own age studying the ins and outs of philosophy. His father’s goal as a follower of Jeremy Bentham was to create a genius intellect to carry on Utilitarianism after he and Bentham died. The intensive study his father put him through caused severe mental health issues on John Stuart Mill causing him to have a mental breakdown at age 20
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--while every sorrow which you pluck out from the thoughts and feelings of a fellow creature shall be replaced by beautiful flowers of peace and joy in the sanctuary of your soul.” Advise to a young girl‚ June 22‚ 1830. According to Kerby Anderson‚ Jeremy Bentham developed his ethical system around the idea of pleasure. He built it on ancient hedonism which pursued physical pleasure and avoided physical pain. According to Bentham‚ the most moral acts are those which maximize pleasure and minimize pain
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