aesthetic or an efferent stance. The reader could enjoy reading complex mathematical theorems (aesthetic reading)‚ whereas for others reading mathematics could be a torturous task (efferent reading) assigned to pass a class. In summary‚ the transactional theory of literary work‚ defined by Rosenblatt (1978) in The Reader‚ the Text‚ the Poem‚ is based on the following premises: (a) the reader reacts on the text‚ she interprets it‚ and the text produces a
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Being personally confronted with this request to lie from John Edwards has led me to a state of moral stress. If I allow myself to succumb to the pressure of this situation‚ I fear what kind of person I may become. Geuras and Garofalo (2011) state‚ “Those who submit become people without heart; not only does their sense of moral judgement atrophy but so do their feeling for others” (p.135). I know I do not want to become that kind of individual. Edwards wants an answer right away‚ but I must give
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Early attachment is defined as an emotional bond between the child and the primary caregiver. The first theorist who worked on this was a British psychologist John Bowlby who described attachment as a lifelong connectedness between human beings (Bowlby‚ J. 1980). Bowlby had an interest in understanding the distress and separation anxiety that a child goes through when detached from a primary care giver. Children who develop close emotional bonds with their primary caregivers are said to have develop
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that holds is that people do encourage morality‚ and punishment of immoral people (Hofmann‚ Wilhelm‚ et al‚ 1340). Emmanuel Kant and John Mill developed theories to explain the nature of morality among human beings. Emmanuel Kant based his argument on reasoning and human responsibility where he advocates the use of rational thinking and respect for other people. John
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Bowlby’s Attachment Theory Bowlby’s attachment theory is based on the evolution. He suggests that when children are born they already are programed to form attachment with others because it is an important factor in surviving. Bowlby believed that need of attachment is instinctive and will be activated by any conditions that seem to threaten the achievement such as insecurity‚ separation and fear. He also mentioned that fear of strangers is also natural factor which is important in survival of the
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This paper explores the work of John Bowlby and Mary Ainsworth pertaining to the topic of attachment theory. Attachment is an important concept to understand within the context of modern society. As human history has progressed‚ so has the complexity of social structure. Bowlby and Ainsworth made observations of contemporary tendencies and connected these behaviors to security‚ parental presence and then made predictions as to how attachment can predict a person’s future behavior. One benefit gained
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Attachment theory was developed by John Bowlby‚ a child psychiatrist. Due to his work with children with mental and emotional disturbances‚ Bowlby noticed a patterns of attachment and the children response to stressful situations when separated from their primary caregiver These experiences eventually lead Bowlby and Robertson to consider the important of the bond between a caregiver and children and their effect on long-term emotional‚ social‚ and intellectual development into adult-hood. Attachment
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society‚ American culture and education has been deduced to lecturing and mere dualistic contention. From news shows to elementary classrooms‚ logic and reason serve as the gateway to discovering truths‚ according to western education. But what exactly are the consequences of a debate-centered education system‚ and can America make changes in order to diminish any negative consequences? For one‚ it is evident that in comparison to Asian nations‚ American education is lacking. When it comes to academic
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Transformational Learning Theory of Adult Education Introduction Transformational learning is a relatively new and thoroughly modern yet evolving learning theory‚ with timeless implications for the educator. Developed initially by Jack Mezirow‚ it is a theory that involves‚ at its core‚ a shift in beliefs‚ deep self reflection and a discourse of that reflection. This constructivist-based process of making sense of the world is in stark contrast to simply acquiring knowledge. Most assume that Transformational
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BANDURA’S theory of social learning By Chante‚ Hassan‚ Valeria‚ Eunice‚ Elorm‚ Jazante‚ Alison and Holly A brief description of the and subject. In social learning theory Albert Bandura (1977) states behaviour is learned from the environment through the process of observational learning. He believed that children observe the people around them behaving in various ways. This is illustrated during the famous bobo doll experiment. Bandura’s bobo doll method and result Method Result Children
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