1 SN2 Reaction‚ Ionic Liquid (Group – hood) Background Reading Solomons and Fryhle Chapter 6 (Substitution/Elimination Reactions) Techniques: Weights and Measures‚ Reflux‚ Liquid-Liquid Extraction‚ Distillation. Introduction The SN2 reaction is a bimolecular nucleophilic substitution reaction where the nucleophile (a molecule with a free pair of electrons) reacts with an alkyl halide and replaces the halogen (for more details see Solomons and Fryle‚ Chapter 6). The nucleophile approaches
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Anatomy Review: The Heart Graphics are used with permission of: Pearson Education Inc.‚ publishing as Benjamin Cummings (http://www.aw-bc.com) Page 1. Introduction • The heart is the transport system pump; the delivery routes are the blood vessels. Using blood as the transport medium‚ the heart propels oxygen‚ nutrients‚ wastes‚ and other substances to and past the body cells. Page 2. Goals • To review the anatomy of the heart. • To review the pulmonary and systemic circuits. • To review
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CHAPTER 1 Coagulation Pathway and Physiology Jerry B. Lefkowitz‚ MD Introduction Our understanding of blood clotting is intimately tied to the history of civilization. With the advent of writing 5000 years ago‚ it could be argued that the first symbols used for blood‚ bleeding‚ or clotting represented the first published coagulation pathway. The ancient peoples of the world always held blood in utmost mystical esteem. Through the ages‚ this esteem has been transmitted to modern times in the
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ANATOMY AND PHYSIOLOGY The vagina is a thin-walled tube 8 to 10 cm long. It lies between the bladder and rectumand extends from the cervix to the body exterior. Often called the birth canal‚ the vagina providesa passageway for the delivery of an infant and for the menstrual flow to leave the body.The cervix (from Latin "neck") is the lower‚ narrow portion of the uterus where it joinswith the top end of the vagina. Where they join together forms an almost 90 degree curve. It iscylindrical or
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INTROduction TO THE HUMAN BODY 1. Define anatomy and physiology While anatomy provides us with a static image of the body architecture‚ physiology reveals the body’s dynamic and animated workings. Physiology often focuses on events at the cellular or molecular level. A. Anatomy – studies the structure of the body parts and their relationship to one another. i. Developmental – concerns structural changes that in the body occur throughout the lifespan. Embryology studies the developmental changes
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INTRODUCTION TO MUSCULOSKELETAL ANATOMY. APPROACHES TO THE DESCRIPTION AND DISCUSSION OF ANATOMICAL STRUCTUES. LEVELS OF STRUCTURE AND FUNCTION. SYSTEMS DESCRIPTION/DISCUSSION OF MUSCULOSKELETAL STRUCTURES. CLASSIFICATION OF MUSCULOSKELETAL STRUCTURES. GENERAL FUNCTION OF MUSCULOSKELETAL STRUCTURES. TOPOGRAPHICAL DESCRIPTION/DISCUSSION OF MUSCULOSKELETAL STRUCTURES. PERSPECTIVES IN MACROSCOPIC ANATOMY.
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extraordinarily popular in the United States. There is something about the genius mixture of learning about the human body and our relationships with other people that makes Americans obsessed. Grey’s Anatomy is undoubtedly one of the most popular medical dramas in the United States. Grey’s Anatomy first premiered in 2005‚ and has gone on to have thirteen seasons and counting. What keeps viewers interested after thirteen long seasons is the way Shonda Rhimes‚ the writer of the series‚ has no problem
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Physiology plays a major role in the way the body functions. In football the body has to adapt to the intensity of the game as it varies from low to high. A footballer would mainly use their aerobic energy system due to constant and consistent exercise. It is suggested that footballers use 90% of their aerobic metabolism (Mcmillan et al 2004). Yet they would also use their anaerobic energy when displaying skills such as striking as it uses a short burst of energy. The aerobic capacity of a footballer
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Home Group Leader Assignment: Physiology of Physical Activity Physical activity has been a part of societies for centuries. Activity has been incorporated into people’s daily lives in various forms such as sport‚ weightlifting‚ running‚ hiking‚ swimming and walking to name a few. Many perform physical activity for physical‚ emotional and mental well-being while others take part for leisurely fun. The physiology of how physical activity affects our bodies has been studied thoroughly. In the following
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FROG MUSCLE PHYSIOLOGY 2) What was the smallest voltage required to produce max contraction? What proportion of the muscle fibers in the muscle do you think were contracting to produce this maximal response? Muscle fibers act in response to isolated stimuli in an all or none fashion. However‚ a muscle organ‚ such as the gastrocnemius muscle‚ is composed of many individual muscle fibers. It is known that all of the fibers in a muscle do not have the same threshold and that a stimulus applied to
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