Coalitions can be avoided by adopting a majoritarian or alternative voting system. In majoritarian electoral systems candidates are elected based on either a plurality or absolute majority. In a plurality system (first past the post)‚ the candidate with the most votes will win the election. For an absolute majority‚ the winning candidate must achieve more than half of the votes to win. If no one achieves this threshold of at least 51%‚ there is a runoff election between the top two candidates of
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Why the Electoral College should not be preserved? The Constitutional Convention of 1787 gave birth to the system of the Electoral College. Electoral College system can be described as a system in which voters vote for electors on election day‚ who then cast their vote for candidate in their respective party. Our Founding Fathers described this system in Article II‚ section 1 of the Constitution. According to the Constitution‚ electors per state are equal to the number of seats each state holds
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A multi-party system is a system in which three or more political parties have the capacity to gain control of government separately or in coalition. Unlike a single-party system (or a non-partisan democracy)‚ it encourages the general constituency to form multiple distinct‚ officially recognized groups‚ generally called political parties. Each party competes for votes from the enfranchised constituents (those allowed to vote). A multi-partysystem is essential for representative democracies‚ because
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THE JURY SYSTEM THE NATURE AND COMPOSITION OF THE JURY The jury system of a trial is an essential element of the democratic process. It attempts to secure fairness in the justice system. Traditionally‚ the jury system has been viewed as a cornerstone of common law procedure. However‚ the use of the system of trial by jury is on the decline. Today‚ its use differs‚ depending on whether (a) it is a civil or criminal matter‚ and (b) in criminal matters‚ whether it is a summary or an indictable
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Trial by jury is a legal proceeding in which the guilt or innocence of the defendant is determined by a jury. It is opposed to bench trial that all final judgments are made by a judge. In Hong Kong‚ as it is under the common law system‚ jury trials are used in serious criminal cases and also some civil cases‚ like murder‚ manslaughter‚ rape‚ civil fraud and defamation cases etc. In addition‚ the jury is formed by a group of eligible citizens which is selected by local population. The criteria for
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A flat tax is a system that applies the same tax rate to every taxpayer regardless of income bracket. Typically‚ a flat tax applies the same tax rate to all taxpayers‚ with no deductions or exemptions allowed‚ but some politicians such as Ted Cruz and Rand Paul have proposed flat tax systems that keep certain deductions in place. Most flat tax systems or proposals do not tax income from dividends‚ distributions‚ capital gains and other investments. Supporters of a flat tax system propose that it
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“The Federal Reserve System is the central banking system of the United States. It was created in 1913‚ with the enactment of the Federal Reserve Act. Its duties today are to conduct the nation’s monetary policy‚ supervise and regulate banking institutions‚ maintain the stability of the financial system and provide financial services to depository institutions‚ the U.S. government‚ and foreign official institutions.” The constitutionality of the Federal Reserve System (FED) has been a topic of
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controversy in college football since it was created in 1998. This system was set in order for the top two BCS college football teams to meet in the national championship and there are 8 other teams that play in four other BCS bowl games. There was much debate for several years whether there should be a playoff system‚ which will allow many teams to qualify for the National championship‚ as opposed to just two teams. Now that the playoff system has been established the question arises regarding the overall
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political party system has been around over 200 years; a foundation of our current political system was created during the election of 1796. America’s was founded on the concept that people have power of the government’s decisions. The first parties that were established were the Federalist party and the Democratic-Republican party. There are multiple advantages and disadvantages of having a multi party system and a two party system in our country. Changing the way that our political system works would
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What is a jury? A jury is defined as a body of people (usually twelve in number) sworn to give a verdict in a legal case on the basis of evidence submitted to them in court. A jury may not seem important‚ but a jury is a very important part of our court system. Information about juries can be found in Amendment 6 and 7 of the United States Constitution. Amendment 6 states that in all criminal prosecutions‚ the accused shall enjoy the right to a speedy and public trial while Amendment 7 states that
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