aesthetic judgements or what he likes to call judgements of taste are rooted in a person’s subjective feelings‚ but also contain universality. Kant believes our feelings of beauty are immensely different from our feelings of pleasure and moral goodness because they are disinterested. If we find pleasure in something we want it for ourselves and if we find moral goodness in something we want to promote it. However‚ when we see something as beautiful we want nothing
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since a single substance might one day be part of one body‚ e.g.‚ a skin cell‚ and the next day part of another‚ e.g.‚ the cell is eaten by another organism‚ breaks down‚ and through biological processes becomes part of the new body (“Discourse on Metaphysics‚” § 34‚ p. 245). This past writing of Leibniz’ has likely influenced what he wrote in “Monadology‚” for this definition of a substance is very similar to his idea of a monad; it is also intrinsically linked to the idea that all things are plenums
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is a controversial question that is a focal point for moral and ethical codes. Morals and ethics is‚ of course‚ a subject that runs deep in the discussion of philosophy. People are faced with moral dilemmas everyday‚ which many times society decides without thoroughly exploring their options. Immanuel Kant‚ John Stuart Mill‚ Plato‚ and Aristotle are philosophers that focus on the topic of ethics‚ yet all have different outlooks. Kant is considered a non-consequentiality‚ which means he
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Hume vs. Kant: Causality Hume’s ultimate goal in his philosophic endeavors was to undermine abstruse Philosophy. By focusing on the aspect of reason‚ Hume shows there are limitations to philosophy. Since he did not know the limits‚ he proposed to use reason to the best of his ability‚ but when he came to a boundary‚ that was the limit. He conjectured that we must study reason to find out what is beyond the capability of reason. Hume began his first examination if the mind by
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In the article‚ “The Metaphysics of Sex and Gender”‚ Asta discusses how and why sex and gender are conferred properties. According to Asta‚ a conferred property is one that is “dependent on human thoughts‚ attitudes and practices.” (p.59) A property that is attributed by a person’s judgement onto something or someone is said to be conferred. Asta states that for a property to be conferred‚ it must meet five criteria. Firstly‚ one must decide what property is being conferred‚ for example‚ crime is
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Kant and Workers’ Rights The subject of workers’ rights has been a major concern since the early times of the 18th century. Some of the earliest unions were formed by craftsmen‚ such as cabinet makers and carpenters who were among early settlers in America. Initially‚ their struggle included better payments to help sustain themselves and sometimes‚ their families. Economically speaking‚ they applied themselves to their craft and believed they were not receiving suitable living wages. They were
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Utilitarianism and Kant’s respective have different ways for demonstrating whether an act we do is right or wrong. Corresponding to Kant‚ we should look at our maxims‚ intentions‚ of a particular action. Kantians believe “If we are rational‚ we will each agree to curb our self-interest and cooperate with one another” (Shafer-Landau‚ Russ 194). In other words‚ humans are rational beings capable of rational behavior and should not be used purely for self-interest. On the other hand‚ Utilitarian’s believe
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theory of ethics Kant was born in 1724-1804‚ he was a German thinker from East Prussia (now Russia)‚ and he spent his whole life in his hometown. Kant wanted to create a logical‚ stand-alone theory that wasn’t just based on assumptions‚ he believed in an objective right or wrong that is decided on reason and that we shouldn’t do the right thing just because it’s right and not to fulfil our desires. Can we lead a life following his ideals are there not some situations where a perfect moral decision cannot
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armies deprives humans of their freedom. The cause for the need of standing armies is that even with the presence of the social contract‚ there exist no binding contract among nations‚ and thus Kant seeks to solve violence‚ yet again‚ to result in a “peaceful federation among all the peoples of the earth”. Kant‚ as he always is not fond of inconsistencies‚ writes that paying soldiers to kill or be killed is against human rights‚ as it clearly violates the rights of the one killed‚ it also violates the
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Kant and Mills on Capital Punishment Capital punishment has raised debate in America since 1608. Both the “pro-“ and “anti-“ sides of the issue have strong arguments. Some believe killing is simply wrong‚ and violates universal human rights‚ others seek the only justice they deem appropriate‚ equal justice. I will examine the philosophies of Immanuel Kant‚ and John Stuart Mill‚ with regards to their stance on the death penalty. John Stuart Mill (20 May 1806- 8 May 1873) was born in London‚ England
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