Philosophy 101 Final Paper: Answer to five Questions on Castell and Borchert’s Introduction to Modern Philosophy‚ 4th ed. (Pearson-Macmillan‚ 1983). Question #1: Why does Hume think that the “design” in nature cannot prove God’s existence? Answer: One of the most common reasons why people say they believe in God is that the universe seems to have been intentionally designed. Hume observes that while we may perceive two events that seem to occur in conjunction‚ there is no way for us to
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Immanuel Kant created a new perspective in philosophy which had widespread influences on contemporary philosophy work. Through all his achievements in philology‚ his moral Philosophy will be discussed in this paper. According to Kant’s theory‚ moral laws relate to fairness and consistency. Both of these concepts lead to the principle of universalizability. He stated that‚ “An act is morally acceptable if and only if its maxim is universalizable.” To prove his statement he used two imperatives which
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Our morality‚ which is what‚ is right and what is wrong is based on our decisions and actions we make each and every day. Unlike animals that rely solely on instinct alone‚ we as human beings have the ability to make our own decisions based upon our beliefs. You have to ask yourself what is more important to you‚ is it morally right to pleasure the masses even if it causes harm to some people which is Mills Utilitarianism theory or do you do what is logically and morally right according to universal
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THEORY Immanuel Kant (1724-1804) discussed many ethical systems and reasonings. Some were based on a belief that the reason is the final authority for morality. In Kant’s eyes‚ reason is directly correlated with morals and ideals. Actions of any sort‚ he believed‚ must be undertaken from a sense of duty dictated by reason‚ and no action performed for appropriateness or solely in obedience to law or custom can be regarded as moral. A moral act is an act done for the "right" reasons. Kant would argue
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Ethics essay – Kantian ethics a.) Explain Kant’s concept of duty Immanuel Kant was a German philosopher who was concerned with producing an ethical theory that was logical and absolute‚ and did not change depending on the situation‚ countering the views of John Locke and other empiricists of the time. His ethics are based on duty‚ rather than looking at the end product of an action. He thought that his theory was so important that it could be rivalled with the Copernican revolution‚ in that it would
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The passage inspected above relates to morality in his work‚ Grounding for the Metaphysics of Morals. Kant states‚ that laws of morality are laws that go according to which everything ought to happen. They allow for conditions in which humans naturally tend to make‚ rather than forcing humans to completely change their behavior. Laws of morality try not to include negative behavior‚ rather it promotes positive behavior that may come natural to a human being. Mankind is limited by the fact that each
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beautiful and terrible‚ horrible and harmonious‚ appreciating the unexpected and dangerous forms found in nature that had been avoided in literature and art through the concepts of a more tamed and friendly environment. German philosopher Immanuel Kant reflects on the concept of boundaries between beauty and the sublime in his Critique of Judgment written in 1790. Distinguishing between the differences of beauty versus the sublime‚ beauty is connected with the form of the object‚ respecting the
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non-consequentialist theory introduced by a German Philosopher‚ Immanuel Kant. Kantianism refer to the rightness or wrongness of actions does not depend on their consequences but on whether they fulfill our duty. In this theory‚ Kant stressed on the role of moral sentiment and desire for moral commitment and motivation. Kant argued that morality and rationality coincided. To be moral is to be rational‚ to be immoral is to be irrational. Kant believed that there were some rules of morality that all humans
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[25] Kantian ethics are ethical principles set out by Immanuel Kant (1724-1804)‚ a German thinker from East Prussia‚ and arguably one of the most influential philosophers in Western philosophy. His ‘Categorical Imperative’ theory was devised from his desire to create a stand-alone ethical theory that would not rely on assumptions‚ hence he believed in an objective right or wrong based on reason as a pose to assumptions. According to Kant‚ morals are a Priori synthetic because they are absolute‚ existing
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teachings and beliefs of Immanuel Kant throughout these lectures. Immanuel Kant was a German philosopher‚ who contributed to ethics‚ aesthetics‚ and much more. He believed in acting autonomously‚ doing the right thing for the sake of duty‚ and categorical imperatives. Kant and Sandel go on further to say that categorical imperatives are always necessary to make decisions in order for them to be considered morally right. Professor Michael Sandel argues in support of Kant. As he introduces more ideas and
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