A CRITICAL STUDY OF VIRTUE ETHICS IN ARISTOTLE AND KANT Aristotle was the first western thinker to divide philosophy into branches which are still recognizable today: logic‚ metaphysics‚ and natural philosophy‚ philosophy of mind‚ ethics and politics‚ rhetoric; he made major contributions in all these fields. He was born in Stagira‚ a city of northern Greece in 384 BC. His father Nicomachus was a doctor at the court of Amyntas of Macedon‚ who preceded Philip‚ the conqueror of much of Greece. Aristotle
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Thomas Sikkema Professor John Schneider Ethics 102 25 February 2015 Deontological Moral Theory: Immanuel Kant Deontological moral theory is defined as the morally right thing to do is to do whatever is your duty. A scenario in which this theory could be used is the following: a close friend of yours dies. He has set aside $10 million to give to his favorite sports team‚ the New York Yankees. You promised him that you would give the money to the team because that was your friend’s last wish. Generous
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conscience and intellect alike are not to be stunted‚ if there is to be room for healthy growth.” This quote provides a secure base for the discussion of the political thought and different principles of Thomas Hobbes and John Locke. Both of these men‚ Thomas Hobbes and John Locke‚ founded their original thoughts off of a man named William Blackstone. William Blackstone was not only a judge and professor of law‚ but he was the core originator in which all political thoughts of the Seventeenth Century
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the earth‚ he gave the lands to men and their children. To maintain order God had commanded people to work and flourish equally. With this said‚ Locke proposed that “men as a whole own the earth and all inferior creatures‚ every •·individual· man has a property in his own person; this is something that nobody else has any right to. “(27) Locke then further goes on to state that "individual· man has a property in his own person this is something that nobody else has any right to. The labor of
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extrapolated from are a common property of mankind‚ how does one obtain private property? This is a question that John Locke‚ a highly influential philosopher theorized about. Locke’s stance on property seems relatively simple‚ every man has the right to their own labor. The labor put into a commodity or enclosure that originally resides on common ground makes it their own. According to Locke‚ nature should be used productively because God wanted men to use the gifts given to them and be fruitful and multiply
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1. a. Locke denies innate principles‚ as there are no principles to which all mankind give a universal assent. He begins his denial of innate principles by stating that “Universal consent proves nothing innate” (pg. 319‚ 3.). With this statement he claims that even if there were universal principles that all mankind agreed with‚ this would still not prove these principles innate if there could be any way to show how those in agreement came to consent to these ideas. But‚ for Locke‚ there are no universal
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Aristotle‚ Immanuel Kant‚ and John Stuart Mill all discuss their philosophical systems‚ each striving to uncover the standard that guides morality. In Nicomachean Ethics‚ Aristotle outlines his system‚ beginning with the Chief Good towards which everything aims. The Chief Good is happiness‚ and is achieved through a life well lived. A life well lived results from performing our characteristic activity well‚ and humans’ characteristic activity is reason. Thus Aristotle uses reason to differentiate
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My paper will present Jeremy Bentham’s views and ideas on "Principles of moral legislation". Then I well assemble Immanuel Kant’s criticism in "The goodwill and autonomy". I conclude by arguing that Immanuel Kant has the best suitable notion of success for us the students in order to succeed in the community. You can succeed by living in forms of your values or by achieving something that you are passionate about. Like finishing college or enjoying your work./job. I think and believe that
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Thomas Hobbes and John Locke were both seventeenth century English thinkers and writers. Each had their own views the government’s role and human nature which were vastly different from one another. They expressed their ideas in their works‚ Hobbes’s Leviathan and Locke’s Two Treatises of Government. Thomas Hobbes published Leviathan in 1651‚ two years after the end of the English Civil War. In it‚ he supported an absolute monarchy and claimed that people had no qualms about compromising basic
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The state of nature according to Locke is “a state of perfect freedom to order their actions and dispose of their possessions and persons as they think fit... without asking leave or depending upon the will of any other man.” For Locke‚ the state of nature is where humans exist without an established government or social contract. In a since the state of nature is a state of anarchy‚ of no order. What John Locke believed about the state of nature was that if men could act in a positive way‚ they
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