PASTORAL COMMUNITIES Gujars The Gujar are an ethnic group in India‚ Pakistan and Afghanistan. Today‚ the Gujars are classified under the Other Backward Class (OBC) category in some states in India. However‚ in Jammu and Kashmir and parts of Himachal Pradesh‚ they are designated as a Scheduled Tribe under the Indian government’s reservation program of discrimination. Hindu Gujars today are assimilated into several varnas. The origin of the Gujars is uncertain. Many Gujars claim descent from Suryavanshi Kshatriyas (Sun
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picture of the life of civilized people without neg lecting its poor and downtrodden. He paid great attention to the economic aspects of the British social life. By narrating the freedom in all activities‚ Mulji attempted to teach his people about the futility of taboos including those surrounding travelling overs eas. Unlike Mahipatram and Karsandas‚ Malabari was not too overwhelmed with Eu rope. He found the life-style‚ food habits‚ religious practices and social manners disagreeable. He rejects
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EMERGING DYNAMICS OF INTERNAL THREATS TO NATIONAL SECURITY Introduction 1. The multifarious threats to the security of Pakistan whether external or internal‚ have intensified in the 21st century. Unfortunately‚ no threat posed to the security of this country since the time of her inception has ever been fully controlled or eradicated. According to Quaid-e-Azam‚ “Pakistan was a cyclic revolution without parallel or precedence in history”. He wanted to make it a State that was united and powerful
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onserv Pr Conservation of Wetlands in India: A Profile (Approach (Approach and Guidelines) Publication released on World Wetlands Day 2 February 2007 Conservation Division-I Ministry of Environment & Forests Government of India New Delhi Conservation of Wetlands in India: A Profile WWD-prelims.p65 1 8/23/2007‚ 4:50 PM i © Ministry of Environment & Forests‚ Government of India‚ 2007 Material in this publication can be reproduced with due acknowledgment. Cover
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complex problems.The danger of epidemics and other water-borne diseases is also imminent.People have to start their life anew as all their means of livelihood are destroyed.This year floods have caused massive devastation in Pakistan.Punjab‚Azad Kashmir and Northern Areas have suffered extensive damages.Here thousands of villages have been either completely swept away or very badly damaged.The standing crops of rice‚sugar cane‚fodder and cotton have also been washed out by the raging waters
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Terrorism is the systematic use of terror‚ often violent‚ especially as a means of coercion. In the international community‚ however‚ terrorism has no legally binding‚ criminal law definition.[1][2] Common definitions of terrorism refer only to those violent acts which are intended to create fear (terror)‚ are perpetrated for a religious‚ political or‚ ideological goal; and deliberately target or disregard the safety of non-combatants (civilians). Some definitions now include acts of unlawful violence
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List of 10 essays for competitive exams NIRMALA List of 10 essays for competitive exams on 1. The political and economic implications of the Indo-Iran Gas Pipeline 2. The role played by the United States in promoting/hindering improved relations between India and Pakistan 3. Evaluate poverty eradication programmes in India 4. Is it possible to distinguish between judicial review and judicial activism in India? 5. Social and economic consequences of abolishing child labour in India 6. Discuss in
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Prepared by: Altaf Ahmed Sheikh - CSS - 2011 Altafsheikh1988@gmail.com Composed by: Redmax! PAKISTAN AFFAIRS STUDY PLAN Study Area – I: Evolution of Muslim Society in the Sub-Continent 2007 – Critically evaluate the contribution made by missionaries in the growth of Muslim society in the Sub-continent of Indo-Pak. 2006 – Describe the most notable feature of Muslims in India in the light of their monotheistic religion and egalitarian social structure. 2005 – Summarize the political scene of the sub
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partition of the sub-continent in 1947‚ when Britain took apart its Indian domain‚ India and Pakistan have been arch rivals. The animosity has its roots in religion and history‚ and is epitomized by the long-running conflict over the state of Jammu and Kashmir. This has recently escalated into a dangerous nuclear arms race too. From partition in 1947 till today India and Pakistan is arch rival which not just visible in wars but in sports and entertainment content as well. Film‚ normally‚ has
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2. Reasons for Reform a. The remarks by the two leaders should be seen against the tragedies faced by the Muslim world. These include the Anglo-American attack on Iraq without UN authorization and the continued persecution of Muslim peoples in Kashmir and Palestine. b. Going back a bit further‚ one can recall such horrors as the anti-Muslim ethnic cleansing in Bosnia and Kosovo‚ and last year’s officially inspired pogrom in India’s Gujarat state. To these tragedies the OIC’s response has been
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