PART I INTRODUCTION TO ECONOMICS Demand‚ Supply‚ and Market Equilibrium 3 © 2009 Pearson Education‚ Inc. Publishing as Prentice Hall Principles of Macroeconomics 9e by Case‚ Fair and Oster PART I INTRODUCTION TO ECONOMICS CHAPTER 3 Demand‚ Supply‚ and Market Equilibrium Demand‚ Supply‚ and Market Equilibrium 3 CHAPTER OUTLINE Firms and Households: The Basic Decision-Making Units Input Markets and Output Markets: The Circular Flow Demand in Product/Output Markets Changes
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included in GDP There is a lot to consider when discussing things that are not included in Gross Domestic Product (GDP). “Even real GDP is an imperfect measure of current output and income. Some productive activities are omitted because their value is difficult to determine” (Gwartney et al.‚ p. 143). We know that GDP is only measured in a restricted time frame. Imagine all the goods and services that are redistributed in a year’s time that are not included in GDP. Without all
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ii. Media: - carry news‚ features‚ editorial opinion iii. Government: - iv. Citizen-action: - v. Local: - vi. General: - vii. Internal: - Macro Environment The larger societal forces that affect the macro environment – demographic‚ economic‚ natural‚ technological‚ political‚ and cultural forces. Key Forces in the Macro Environment 1. Demographic The study of human population in terms of size‚ density‚ location‚ age‚ gender‚ race‚ occupation and other statistics. - Worldwide
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Is GDP an Indicator of Welfare? Marija Upchurch Prof. Anish C. Aniyan Eco-101-605 12/04/2014 GDP is the market value of all the goods and products produced or provided within a country at a given moment in time. There are three ways to determine the GDP of a country. One is the production method‚ which measures the value added summed across all firms. Second‚ is the income method‚ which is the sum of labor income‚ capital income‚ and government income. Third‚ is the expenditure method‚ which is
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Australia’s GDP and Government Expenditure GDP or Gross Domestic Product measures the value of production and the income earned from that production that occurs within a nation’s boundaries (Hill‚ 2007). The total GDP value of Australia currently represents a 2.45 percent of the world economy. From 1960 to 2012 the yearly average of the Australian GDP was 325.7 USD Billion‚ with a reported all time high of 1520.6 USD Billion in December of 2012 and record low of 18.6 USD Billion in December of
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caviar contributes more to GDP than the production of a pound of hamburger because the contribution to GDP is measured by market value and the price of a pound of caviar is much higher than the price of a pound of hamburger. 3. The four components of expenditure are: (1) consumption; (2) investment; (3) government purchases; and (4) net exports. The largest component is consumption‚ which accounts for more than two-thirds of total expenditure. 4. Real GDP is the production of goods
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Inequalities of social class‚ race‚ and ethnicity and gender effects the life chances on the macro and micro level. Inequalities that are inherited to the American way of life have caused enormous pain and suffering along with the social class‚ race and gender. People have been abused and held back from living and achieving life potential. It is sadly ironic that a country that was founded on liberty and freedom and would be so mired in the sludge of racism and bigotry. This sad condition
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describe the macro environment‚ can be identified and examined. These There are a number of common approaches how the external factors‚ which are mentioned in the factors indirectly affect the organization but cannot be controlled by it. One approach could be the PEST analysis. PEST stands for political‚ economic‚ social and technological. Two more factors‚ the environmental and legal factor‚ are defined within the PESTEL analysis (or PESTLE analysis). The segmentation of the macro environment according
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marginalized and dissatisfied. In 1971‚ East Bengal separated from Pakistan and was renamed Bangladesh. Ever since‚ economic development has been very slow‚ hampered by political turmoil. It is one of the poorest countries in the world with nominal GDP per head of only USD 1‚483 and 36% of the population living below the poverty line of USD 1 per day. The low level of human development is also reflected in the UN’s human development index‚ which ranks Bangladesh 146th out of 182 countries. Economic
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phase. Business fluctuations in the growth rate of real GDP around its trend growth rate. Employment and Labor force concepts including computations of these (e.g. unemployment rates‚ labor force participation rates‚ U-rates of labor underutilization etc.) Categories of unemployment Frictional- short term‚ Stuctural- long term‚ Cyclical- correlated with business cycle The Natural rate of unemployment (both the basic and the formal model definitions) Full employment of labor as a macroeconomic
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