Journal of Economic Literature 2009‚ 47:4‚ 1029–1075 http:www.aeaweb.org/articles.php?doi=10.1257/jel.47.4.1029 Beyond GDP: The Quest for a Measure of Social Welfare Marc Fleurbaey* This paper critically examines the various approaches to the measurement of individual well-being and social welfare that have been considered for the construction of alternatives to GDP. Special attention is devoted to recent developments in the analysis of sustainability‚ in the study of happiness‚ in the theory
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PROBLEM SET 3 Problems for Chapter 3 1. Suppose the consumption function in the U.S. is represented by the following equation: C = 200 + .5 YD‚ where YD = Y – T and T = 200. a. What is the level of consumption in this economy if YD = 0? Briefly explain how individuals “pay for” this consumption when YD = 0. b. Given the above parameters‚ calculate the level of consumption if Y = 1200. Suppose Y increases to 1300. What happens to the level of YD as Y increases to 1300 (i.e. calculate
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and their economic decisions‚ macroeconomics deals with the overall pattern of the economy. To star with‚ we will look at two main groups of economists: the neo Classical Economists and the Keynesian Economists. Classical economists generally think that the market‚ on its own‚ will be able to adjust while Keynesian economists believe that the government must step in to solve problems. A neoclassical economy is an approach that economics use that relates supply and demand to an individual’s rationality
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Definition of ’Macroeconomics’ The term Macro has been taken from the Latin word Macros which means big. The field of economics that studies the behavior of the aggregate economy. Macroeconomics examines economy-wide phenomena such as changes in unemployment‚ national income‚ rate of growth‚ gross domestic product‚ inflation and price levels. Macroeconomics Concerns Production Prices Income Employment National Production/Output Total Industrial Output Gross Domestic Product Growth of Output
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1. If you were having a conversation with a Keynesian and a Classical economist‚ and the conversation turned to why the economy is experiencing high unemployment and what the government should do about it‚ how would each economist explain unemployment and what policies would each advocate? Keynesian economist believe that long periods of high unemployment are a result of inadequate overall demand and feel government intervention is a key component of a prosperous economy. The school of thought sees
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government ’s economy. In 1933‚ the United States‚ quite out of keeping with its constitution‚ embraced Keynesian economics with the announcement of the "New Deal. ’ The New Deal programs were created to combat the Great Depression. The following essay will discuss Keynes ’ theories regarding coping with a recession and how the government should be involved. Upon acknowledging
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Macro environment is the external and uncontrollable factors that influence a company’s or product’s development. Billabong must know the value of each of the macro environment factors; such as‚ economic‚ demographics ‚ and lifestyle‚ technology and natural forces. Before companies‚ or in our case Billabong‚ produce a new products‚ they should study each macro environment force carefully. Each force have its effects on the market. Economic forces affect the consumer buying power and spending
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services‚ since the price for a good that is used to produce spiral notebooks is increasing‚ thus leading to an increase in the price of spiral notebooks. Supply would decrease and shift to the left and quantity would decrease. Equilibrium price would increase and equilibrium quantity would decrease. b) The government provides a subsidy for notebook manufacturers. In this instance the price of spiral notebooks would decrease since the government would be assisting the industry
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Although both GDP and HDI measure the standard of living in a nation through one statistic‚ GDP is less comprehensive than HDI‚ making it not reflect societal well-being as all-rounded as HDI. GDP show total income of a country‚ indicating that only economic growth is taken into consideration. However‚ through means and expected years of schooling‚ life expectancy at birth and gross national income per capital‚ HDI can cover three dimensions: education‚ health and living standard‚ making HDI serve
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What Is Macro Environment? The major external and uncontrollable factors that influence an organization’s decision making‚ and affect its performance strategies. These factor includes the economic factors; demographics; legal; political‚ and social conditions; technological changes; and natural forces. Macro environment factors are beyond the control of an organization. This is because those factors are positioned outside the organizational system. Those forces are the prime factors in corporate
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