creatine‚ the end product of phosphocreatine metabolism; measurements of its rate of urinary excretion are used as diagnostic indicators of kidney function and muscle mass.The experiment utilized serum creatinine.Creatinine is filtered out of the blood by the kidneys (glomerular filtration). There is little tubular reabsorption of creatinine. If the filtering of the kidney is deficient‚ creatinine blood levels rise. Therefore‚ creatinine levels in blood and urine may be used to calculate the creatinine clearance
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force of stream‚ hesitancy‚ incomplete emptying). B. Hematuria – The presence of blood in the urine. Some things that can cause hematuria are cancer of the kidney or bladder‚ inflammation of the kidney‚ urethra‚ bladder‚ or prostate‚ polycystic kidney disease‚ and sickle cell disease. C. Hydronephrosis – The swelling of one kidney due to a backup of urine. Symptoms include flank pain‚ abdominal mass‚ nausea and vomiting‚ urinary tract infection‚ fever‚ painful urination (dysuria)‚ increased
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bloodstream (Patel M.D.). This disease occurs when there is damage to the skeletal muscle. The breakdown products of damaged muscle cells‚ such as myoglobin‚ are harmful to the kidneys and frequently result in kidney damage or even kidney failure. The severity of the symptoms depends on the degree of muscle damage and the degree of the kidney damage‚ if any. The primary muscle damage can be caused by physical damage‚ medications‚ drug abuse and some infections. Some patients may have a higher risk of rhabdomyolsis
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The kidney is made up of nephrons‚ which are a kidney’s functional units. These nephrons collect fluid filtered from the blood. The kidney connects to the renal artery‚ renal‚ vein‚ and ureter. Purified blood leaves the kidney using the renal vein‚ urine leaves using a ureter and the renal artery carries blood from the aorta to the kidney. The nephron has a cup-shaped nephric capsule that surrounds a cluster of capillaries called the glomerulus. A good deal of fluid from the blood filters into the
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system organs help transport urine or store urine and release it when it is time. The organs of the urinary system include the two kidneys‚ two ureters‚ a urinary‚ bladder‚ sphincter‚ and the urethra. The kidneys are two bean-shaped organs‚ each about the size of a fist. They are located just below the rib cage‚ one on each side of the spine. Every day‚ the two kidneys filter about 120 to 150 quarts of blood to produce about 1 to 2 quarts of urine‚ composed of wastes and extra fluid. A ureter is one
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bacterium generally originates in the urethra‚ spreads to the bladder and up through the urethras‚ and finally impacts one or both of the kidneys. Pathophysiology One or both kidneys may be involved. The infection extends from the ureter into the kidney‚ involving the renal pelvis and medullary tissue (tubule and interstitial tissue). Purulent exudate fills the kidney pelvis and calyces‚ and the medulla is inflamed. Abscesses and necrosis can be seen in the medulla and may extend through the cortex
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Fluid regulation Introduction Our kidneys keep the water in our bodies balanced‚ they do this by controlling the water concentration of blood plasma‚ the job of our kidneys is to control salt levels and control the excretion of urea. Water that is not returned to the blood is excreted in our urine. Why is fluid regulation important? Your body requires water for the cells‚ organs and tissues in the body‚ they use the water to help regulate body temperature and to maintain other functions in
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The amount of fluids in the body is extremely large. There are many different forms of fluid throughout the body‚ such as blood‚ urine‚ hormones‚ cerebral spinal fluid‚ water‚ albumin‚ and bile. The fluids that make up the body are required for homeostasis. There are many different functions of body fluids such as transporting nutrients‚ waste and gases‚ transforming food into energy and generate electrical activity to power body functions. Physiologic Fluid Compartments The major fluid compartments
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Glomerulonephritis is inflammation of the tiny fibers in your kidneys‚ which are called glomerular. The major structure of glomerulonephritis is the kidneys‚ but the kidneys are also part of the urinary system‚ which includes the kidneys‚ the ureters‚ the urinary bladder‚ and the urethra. Every person had two kidneys and they are bean shaped and darkish red or brown in color. The kidneys are found posteriorly to the abdomen. The kidneys are embedded in a fatty pouch‚ which consists of three layers
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Urinalysis MA 116 Dr. Reece November 26‚ 2012 Hydronephrosis is a condition in which the kidneys are swollen due to the obstruction of urine flow in any part of the urinary tract. Hydronephrosis is also referred to as “water inside the kidney”. The word hydronephrosis can be broken down in medical terms as follows: the term “hydro” represents “water”‚ the term “nephron” represents “kidney”‚ and the term “sis” represents “an action‚ process‚ state‚ or condition” Hydronephrosis is not
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