INTRODUCTION Kidneys are two bean-shaped organs‚ each about the size of your fist. They’re located at the back of your upper abdomen‚ on either side of your spine. Their main function is to eliminate excess fluid and wastes from your body by filtering them out of your blood. When your kidneys lose their filtering ability‚ dangerous levels of fluid and waste accumulate in your body — a condition known as kidney failure. One form of kidney failure — chronic kidney failure — usually develops
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1. Are any of the lab values in Table 1 out of normal range? Are they too high or too low? Her serum creatinine is high. Creatinine is completely filtered from the blood (not as well of a marker for kidney function as inulin because some is secreted‚ but still a good marker of kidney function) and excreted in urine so for her to have more than 0.6-1.2mg/dL in her blood is not normal. Her blood urea nitrogen (BUN) levels are also very high. They should only be around 7-18 mg/dL. Her serum calcium
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Antidiuretic hormone is released by the pituitary gland in the brain to signal the kidneys to retain water. When ADH causes water reabsorption from the kidney tubules‚ the salts and wastes are concentrated in what will eventually be urine. High level of ADH secretion and water retention happen when dehydration causes increase of osmolarity. ADH then travels in the bloodstream to the kidneys where it transforms the kidneys to be more permeable to water by inserting water channels called aquaporins.
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transmit impulses‚ and regulating the balance of blood and body fluids. I believe it is important to monitor your sodium intake in order to stay in good health. Kidneys are the most common concern when too much sodium is being taken in because it can lead to damage to the heart. When there is an excessive amount‚ the kidneys are unable to keep up with the body as they are trying to excrete waste. As sodium is taken in‚ the body retains water to dilute the sodium which leads to an increase in
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Glomerulonephritis The kidney performs many functions which include regulation of extracellular fluid and blood pressure‚ regulation of osmolarity‚ maintenance of ion balance‚ regulation of pH levels‚ excretion of waste‚ and the production of hormones. Although the kidney performs all these functions‚ the renal disease Glomerulonephritis‚ also known as glomerular nephritis and abbreviated GN relates to the excretion of waste. With this disease‚ the part of your kidney which is called the renal
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Pyelonephritis is an inflammation of the kidney and upper urinary tract that usually results from noncontiguous bacterial infection of the bladder. It is a renal disorder that involves the pyelum‚ pelvis or the parenchymal tissues which commonly known as pyelitis. A more severe form of the disease‚ on the other hand is called urosepsis. The common bacteria that usually found in patient with this disease are E-coli‚ staphylococcus‚ and streptococcus. Most kidney infections result from lower urinary tract
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CASE PRESENTATION “CHRONIC KIDNEY DISEASE” SUBMITTED BY: I. INTRODUCTION Chronic Kidney Disease "It’s a silent disease" until the kidneys are severely damage‚ Andrew Levey‚ chief of nephrology at Tufts New England‚ Medical Center in Boston‚ said. What is chronic kidney disease? Chronic Kidney disease or CKD ‚ is a condition that affects the function of the kidneys and that may progress over time to kidney failure. When the kidneys fail‚ dialysis or kidney transplant is needed to support
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Serum creatinine is an important marker of renal health as it is an easily measured byproduct of muscle metabolism that is excreted unchanged by the kidneys. Creatinine itself is produced by a biological system include creatine‚ phosphocreatine or creatine phosphate‚ and adenosine triphosphate “ATP”. Creatine is formed mainly in the liver from the methylation of glycocyamine by S-adenosyl methionine. It is then carried through blood to the other organs‚ muscle‚ and brain‚ where‚ through phosphorylation
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particular system maintains proper homeostasis of water‚ salts and nitrogenous wastes (Iqba‚ 2010). There are four major organs that make up the Urinary system. The four major organs are the kidneys‚ ureters‚ urinary bladder‚ and the urethra. The first organ within the urinary system is the kidney. The kidney is considered as the major organ of the entire system itself.
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Cardiac Catheterization and Kidney Function In many hospitals‚ the use of cardiac catheterization is used to determine if a patient has occluded arteries or grafts. This procedure saves many lives every day and helps prevent myocardial infarctions in many cases. The procedure itself is rather simple and safe for the most part‚ but one thing that many fail to realize is how hard the procedure is on kidney function due to the dye used intra-procedure. According to the NIH‚ kidney damage caused by dye is
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