maintains a fairly constant‚ • body temperature ~ 37ºC • pH of the blood & interstitial fluid pH 7.4 • level of glucose concentration in the bloodstream ~90 mg of glucose per 100 mL of blood. • Example of homeostatic organs: skin‚ liver & kidney. Mechanisms Homeostasis • Mechanisms of homeostasis moderate changes in the internal environment. • An animal achieves homeostasis by maintaining a variable (e.g. body temperature or solute concentration) at or near a particular value or set
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in the kidney tubules‚ causing a profound increase in the output of urine (diuresis). Common side effects of furosemide include low blood pressure‚ dehydration and electrolyte depletion such as hypokalemia. Less common side effects include jaundice‚ ringing in the ears (tinnitus)‚ sensitivity to light (photophobia)‚ rash‚ pancreatitis‚ nausea‚ diarrhea‚ abdominal pain‚ and dizziness. Increased blood sugar and uric acid levels also may occur. When hypertonic fluids are infused‚ osmosis pulls
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Chapter 25 Control of Body Temperature and Water Balance PowerPoint Lectures for Biology: Concepts & Connections‚ Sixth Edition Campbell‚ Reece‚ Taylor‚ Simon‚ and Dickey Lecture by Edward J. Zalisko Copyright © 2009 Pearson Education‚ Inc. Introduction: Chilling Out Bears sleep a lot during winter But bears do not hibernate Instead‚ they become dormant – Body temperature drops from 37°C to 31–34°C – True hibernators may cool to 30°C Dormant bears – Are easily awakened – True
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STRUCTURE OF NEPHRON: Nephrons (Greek nephros=kidney) are renal or kidney tubules. Each kidney has over one million nephrons that are responsible for removing waste products from blood and maintaining water‚ salt and pH balance in the body. This vital job results in the formation of urine. 1.Afferent Arteriole * receives blood rich in oxygen from the renal artery. * blood is transported to the glomerulus of the nephron where it is pressure filtered. 2.Glomerulus * The glomerulus
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fluid retention in the body. In other words‚ the accumulation of fluids causes the tissue to be swollen. The swelling can take place in one specific area of the body and it usually results in particular health conditions‚ for example heart failure and kidney failure. The reason why it can cause heart failure is because the heart is incapable to push blood onwards efficiently and the pressure accumulates in the congested veins. This therefore causes a higher capillary pressure‚ thus it is larger than the
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Biology- Maintaining a Balance Summary 1. Most organisms are active in a limited temperature range 1. identify the role of enzymes in metabolism‚ describe their chemical composition and use a simple model to describe their specificity on substrates Enzymes are proteins which act as catalysts in living things (they lower the amount of energy needed for a reaction‚ therefore increasing rate of reaction). Enzymes speed up reactions but are not used up by them. Enzymes catalyze only one
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Movement in and out of cells Diffusion: (mixing molecules) Molecules and ions in a liquid or a gas move continuously. The movement is quite random‚ and the particles change direction as they bump into one another. The particles collide more often when they are close together (when they are concentrated) and so they tend to diffuse‚ or spread out‚ until they are spaced evenly throughout the gas or liquid. The random movement of particles is due to their own kinetic energy. When the diffusion
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BIO 165: Anatomy & Physiology I | Stanly Community College | Student Name: | Emily Mansfield | Lecture Activity #3: Cells (Chapter 3) Instructions: Read chapter 3 in your textbook and review the lecture notes and study resources provided by your instructor. Type your answer in the answer block provided for each question. Answer blocks should expand as you type. If you experience difficulty typing in the provided answer blocks‚ you may type your answers in a new document. Save a
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Biology Topic One Maintaining a Balance 1. What are enzymes? Identify their role in metabolism. 2. Enzymes are made up of ____________‚ _____________‚ ______________ and ________________. 3. Enzymes are large __________ that are coiled up to form an ____________ __________. 4. The molecule that the enzyme acts on is called the ______________. 5. Use a model to illustrate how enzymes work. 6. Explain how enzymes
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body. When particle concentrations are too high‚ water flows in to dilute‚ lowering the concentration to a proper level. When too low‚ water flows away from the compartment‚ thus raising the concentration. This process of diffusion is called osmosis. Osmosis is a mechanism in nature by which water in an organism is used to balance dissolved particle
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