Derive the demand curve? To show what the consumer should do to maximize utility‚ a budget line must be added to the preferences shown in the indifference curves. The picture below adds one. Point a is not attainable because it lies to the right of the budget line. The consumer is indifferent between points b and d because they lie on the same indifference curve‚ but point d is cheaper than b because d lies below the budget line. The consumer wants to get on the highest indifference curve affordable
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Why the aggregate demand curve slopes downward: To answer this question‚ we recall that the components of economy’s GDP: Y = C + I + G + NX We assume that government spending is fixed. The other three components: consumption‚ investment‚ and net exports depend on economic conditions and on the price level. 1. The price level and consumption: The wealth effect: Ex: The nominal value of a dollar is fixed‚ yet‚ the real value of a dollar is not fixed. Coca Pizza 1 $ 1 0.5$ 2 → A decrease
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• The demand curve is flatter (more horizontal) the closer the substitutes for the product and the less diminishing marginal utility is at work for the buyers. • The dependent variable in demand analysis is the quantity (the number of units) sold. The independent variables are price‚ income of buyers‚ the price of substitutes‚ and the price of complements. • An increase in income shifts the demand curve to the right for normal good. It goes to the left for an inferior good. • An increase in the
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(external) forces are equal in magnitude‚ while supply–demand curves are unitary elastic. Given a certain event/scenario‚ (a) analyze the curve/s affected‚ shifts or movements and the direction‚ and (b) effect to equilibrium price (P*) and equilibrium quantity (Q*) Scenario 1 a. Prices of optical drives suddenly increase The production cost has increased so the supply decreases and eventually the price go up. The supply curve shifts to the left. b. A new market-standard
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Movement along the demand curve: There are many factors determining demand- the prime one being price. Price and quantity are the two components which form the demand curve. Any change in these two variables doesn’t cause a shift in the demand curve but a movement along what is already existent. When prices vary‚ quantity is altered. Usually‚ applying the law of demand‚ more will be consumed when prices drop and vice versa. When more goods are consumed due to a drop in prices there is an expansion
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An oligopoly describes a market situation in which there are limited or few sellers. Each seller knows that the other seller or sellers will react to its changes in prices and also quantities. This can cause a type of chain reaction in a market situation. In the world market there are oligopolies in steel production‚ automobiles‚ semi-conductor manufacturing‚ cigarettes‚ cereals‚ and also in telecommunications. Often times oligopolistic industries supply a similar or identical product. These
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prices and wages when they set nominal prices and wages. If expected inflation is higher‚ newly set prices and wages will be higher. d Draw the relevant AS curves showing what will happen if expected inflation falls. Label everything and discuss (typed). When the inflation falls‚ the AS curves shit upward‚ because the price level will increase. SECTION TWO: 2 points Explain for each event whether it changes the short-run aggregate supply‚ long-run aggregate
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spending from current a. none of them. b. income and current wealth. c. wealth. d. income. Figure 10-1 3. If consumers receive an increase in income of $1‚000‚ their spending will increase by a smaller amount. 4. The aggregate supply curve will shift to the left if a. the capital stock of the economy increases. b. the money wage rate increases. c. technology and productivity increase in the economy. d. energy prices fall. 9. If the price level in Figure 10-1 were 100‚ a. inventories
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Given that supply is fixed then at any given quantity of money (M1) there will be a corresponding demand that varies inversely to the price level‚ i.e. a downward sloping demand curve and there will be an equilibrium price level that ‘clears the market’‚ i.e. demand equals supply. If the quantity of money is increased (M2) the demand curve will shift to the right‚ i.e. at the same price level demand will increase but‚ again‚ supply is fixed. A new equilibrium will be established at the same level
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effect on the demand curve Markets in Action Advertising and its effect on the demand curve Advertisement has always been an important market strategy for firms to accomplish their goals. From cereal companies to airline companies‚ it is inevitable to go through the process of advertising. However‚ what purpose does advertising serve for consumers and suppliers in the market? In this report‚ it is to examine the relationship between advertising and the market demand curve. Moreover‚ the
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