Article Review Theory of the Business In an organization “what to do”’ is becoming a challenge for managers; a company enjoying long term success may one day find itself in a crisis. It also occurs outside international businesses such as in labour unions‚ hospitals etc. The root cause for a crisis is - not that things are being done poorly‚ but wrong things are being done. There are also cases where the right thing is done – but fruitlessly. These are the assumptions that shape any organisation’s
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Have Digital Cameras Superseded Film For photographers? By Sally Bickle Our initial film-less camera was invent for photographers in the 70’s by Kodak engineers. From that time‚ there has been extensive discussion amongst photographers concerning digital and film cameras. Some people suppose film and digital photography are opposed to one another. Basically‚ the two generate comparable effects by very different means. It is similar to contrasting an electric guitar and an accoustic. Each
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Case Study # 1 – Sunspot Inc. 1. What are the most likely benefits of forming strategic supply alliances with Sunspot’s key suppliers? I believe that it is important to realize that a strategic alliance or partnership is solely depended on trust and faith in the relationship between all involved in simultaneous stages should not change or use those stages for their own advantage without consideration of the organization involved. Some of the advantages would be: - Developing competences and learning
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PART 4 Long-Term Financial Decisions CHAPTERS IN THIS PART 11 12 13 The Cost of Capital Leverage and Capital Structure Dividend Policy INTEGRATIVE CASE 4 O’GRADY APPAREL COMPANY CHAPTER 11 The Cost of Capital INSTRUCTOR’S RESOURCES Overview This chapter introduces the student to an important financial concept‚ the cost of capital. The mechanics of computing the sources of capital-debt‚ preferred stock‚ common stock‚ and retained earnings are reviewed. The relationship between
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term lasting for 10-30 years. Levered β @ target D/E ratio Ratio=42.2% The target ratio defines the target D/E that the company requires to reach for the credit rating to be applicable. E&P Weighted Average Cost of Capital‚ rE&P-wacc Division wise WACC is essential as each business line has different risk-return profile. Since individual divisional stocks are not traded in the market‚ β for E&P has been calculated by revenue based weighted average of pure-play E&P companies. However it
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increasing shareholder value‚ optimizing the use of debt‚ and repurchasing their undervalued shares. Marriott Corporation relied on measuring the opportunity cost of capital for investments by utilizing the concept of Weighted Average Cost of Capital (WACC). In April 1988‚ VP of project finance‚ Dan Cohrs suggested that the divisional hurdle rates at the company would have a key impact on their future financial and operating strategies. Marriott intended to continue its growth at a fast pace by relying
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Fin 3010 Dr. Michello Summer 2007 Practice Problems Expected dividend yield Answer: a EASY i. If D1 = $2.00‚ g (which is constant) = 6%‚ and P0 = $40‚ what is the stock’s expected dividend yield for the coming year? a. 5.0% b. 6.0% c. 7.0% d. 8.0% e. 9.0% Expected return‚ dividend yield‚ and capital gains yield Answer: e EASY ii. If D1 = $2.00‚ g (which is constant) = 6%‚ and P0 = $40‚ what is the stock’s expected capital gains yield for the coming year? a. 5.2% b. 5.4%
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are BEA’s new beta and cost of equity if it has 40% debt? - BEA’s new beta βL = βLใหม่ = (0.87) βLใหม่ = 1.218 - BEA’s cost of equity RsL = RF + βL(RM - RF) = 6% + (1.218)(4%) = 10.872% c. What are BEA’s WACC and total value of the firm with 40% debt? - BEA’s WACC WACC = = (9%)(1-0.4)(0.4) + (10.872%)(0.6) = 8.683% - BEA’s total value of the firm V0 of firm = ‚ g = 0% = = = = $103‚188‚000 Problems (26-9) International Associates (IA) is about to commence operations
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Case Study 1: Answer 1: In the early 1980s‚ as Fuji launched an aggressive export drive‚ Kodak was attacked in the North American & European markets. Fuji was taking over the markets & made Kodak realize that it was time to be alert & more aggressive. This led to the decision of being more defensive & thus Kodak started considering Japanese market more seriously. Answer 2: I strongly believe that the charges were valid. By systematically denying Kodak’s access to Japanese distribution
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broke. Question #5 How does WACC change over time? What do you think might drive the changes? WACC is the opportunity cost of investing in a company‚ or the expected return of shareholders and debt holders. WACC consists of all capital sources and includes common stock‚ preferred stock‚ short-term debt and long-term debt in the calculation. WACC is the average costs of capital financing‚ and tells us how much a company has to pay for each dollar of financing. WACC for any company will fluctuate
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