Review Paper Waste plastic Pyrolysis oil Alternative Fuel for CI Engine – A Review Pawar Harshal R. and Lawankar Shailendra M. Department of Mechanical Engineering‚ GCOE‚ Amravati‚ MS‚ INDIA Available online at: www.isca.in Received 10th January 2013‚ revised 20th January 2013‚ accepted 5th February 2013 Abstract Environmental concern and availability of petroleum fuels have caused interests in the search for alternate fuels for internal combustion engines. Conversion of waste to energy
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Alternative fuels‚ also known as non- renewable sources‚ are substances that can be used as fuels‚ other than conventional fuels. Conventional fuels include: fossil fuels (petroleum (oil)‚ coal‚ propane‚ and natural gas)‚ and nuclear materials such as uranium. [ 1] The fuels we use now are finite‚ meaning they have a limited life expectancy. This along with the toxic waste they produce has made environmentalist and government officials alike take precautionary steps so that we do not
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heavy metals D. dissolved riverbank minerals * Plants provide the entry point for energy into an ecosystem. How is this illustrated in a food pyramid? A. Plants are shown at the top of the pyramid. B. Plants always have the greatest overall bio-mass. C. Plants are located in the middle of the pyramid D. Plants have the smallest number of organisms.9. How does DNA change from generation to generation in asexual organisms? A. cloning B. mutation C. variation D. gene
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autos an additional 100 years? Will we raze our forests for our energy needs? I certainly hope our country will never come to those conclusions. However‚ someone must make a conclusion hopefully toward an alternate fuel source. The fuel source I would propose is biomass fuel derived from hemp. Hemp is the world’s most versatile plant. It actually improves the soil in which it grows‚ without chemical fertilizers‚ while choking out weeds by virtue of its fast dense growth. According to the
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A fuel cell is a device that transfers the chemical energy from a fuel into electricity through a chemical reaction of positively charged hydrogen ions with oxygen or another oxidizing agent [1]. Fuel cells can produce electricity continuously until these inputs are supplied. The first fuel cells were invented in 1838. Since then‚ fuel cells have been used in many other applications. Fuel cells are used for primary and backup power for industrial‚ commercial and residential buildings and in inaccessible
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FUEL CELL CARS Fuel Cell cars are a major part of the fleet of Zero-Emission Vehicles. The fuel cells are fueled with pure hydrogen and hence they are considered to be zero emission vehicles. Fuel cells have been used on spacecraft for many years to power electric equipment. These are fueled with liquid hydrogen from the spacecraft ’s rocket fuel tanks. Basic Mechanics Fuel cell vehicles turn hydrogen fuel and oxygen into electricity. The electricity then powers an electric motor‚ just like
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Research Paper – Biofuels and the World Food Shortage The morning commute of many Americans includes stopping at the local convenience store or gas station to fill up their vehicle’s tank and grab a portable breakfast. In this seemingly normal and routine act these Americans are performing two daily functions that much of the world cannot‚ either because of shortages‚ government regulations‚ or a lack of assets by which to do so. The starving and malnourished children that are pictured in
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FUEL OIL BURNERS By Mark Butterfield March 09 INTRODUCTION The history of burners dates back to the early shipping days‚ when fuel oil first started replacing coal as the ships’ primary fuel source. Since then‚ burner designs and construction have come a long way‚ but the principles behind their operation has remained the same. All makes and types of burners have two things in common They need to atomise the fuel They need to mix the fuel with the air needed for combustion
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Alternatives to Destruction Gas prices got you down? They should. However‚ the rise in petroleum prices is the least of my worries. Our nation ’s supply of fossil fuels is running out and we ’re doing more damage to our environment than humanly reversible. Now it ’s time for the good news‚ there are alternatives and loads of them. Legislation from federal and state governments along with biofuels are constantly being introduced and researched to the betterment of the environment. These alternatives
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Abstract In this paper I will explore the use of ethanol as an alternative fuel source. Ethanol is considered a renewable energy resource; as it is derived from crops such as: corn‚ sugarcane‚ beets‚ as well as‚ other organic materials. The use of ethanol could decrease our dependence on ever depleting supplies of fossil fuels; such as oil. In this paper‚ I will briefly review how ethanol is produced in different parts of the world. I will also review several of the advantages of using ethanol
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