From traditional budget planning to zero-based budgeting (Relevant to PBE Paper II: Management Accounting and Finance) Dr Fong Chun Cheong‚ Steve‚ School of Business‚ Macao Polytechnic Institute Introduction A budget is an important financial plan that incorporates a systematic analysis and interpretation of financial forecasts in terms of products‚ markets and the application of resources. It requires managers to plan. It needs operational and financial resources information for decision making
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Risks of Budget Travel A well-known song expresses many travel-dreamers’ complaints‚ “I want to travel to Guilin‚ but when I have the money‚ I don’t have the time; I want to travel to Guilin‚ but when I have the time‚ I don’t have the money.” Travel requires time and expenditure on traffic‚ accommodation‚ food‚ scenic spot tickets‚ and so on. People’s obsession with travel bears a new travel form-- budget travel. The first website about budget
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As we discussed and read about this week in our class‚ the topic of the US Budget and how‚ why and what should we do about it has become a topic with many views and opinions. The United States of America currently holds over 16 Trillion dollars in debt based on our governments spending practices for the last ten years. Two wars‚ numerous fiscal collapses and cliffs‚ a bubble popped housing market‚ looming medical care costs from a socialized healthcare law and a recession have caused the government
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Coca-Cola’s Pros & Cons of Timing of Entry in the Indian Market: Coca-Cola’s P ros & Cons of Timing of Entry in the Indian Market Benefits Parle offered its bottling plants in 4 major cities. Made its return to India with Britannia Industries India Ltd. Disadvantages Rigid Rules and Regulations. Buying of bottling plants leads to 49% disinvestment. Local demand of carbonated drinks is as very low. Harder to establish themselves. Pepsi’s Pros & Cons of Timing of Entry in
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Expenditures‚ Revenues‚ and Budgets Expenditures‚ Revenues‚ and Budgets AJS 532 Expenditures‚ Revenue‚ and Budgets Budgeting is an important subfield of public administration (Tyer & Willand‚ 1997). A budget system balances expenditures and revenues (Smith & Lynch‚ 2004). In public budgeting‚ revenues are funded by sources. These such sources are fees and special assessment‚ lotteries‚ and public‚ and other miscellaneous revenue. Another important factor of budgeting
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BUDGET 2013 - PERSONAL TAX The Finance minister of Singapore announced several budget initiatives in the Budget 2013 that aims to improve the lives of Singapore citizens. A number of changes were introduced which promotes progressive taxation‚ building a more inclusive society and encouraging quality growth. This Budget is very much focused on productivity and helping the lower income group as well as the elderly. Although there would not be any drastic changes in the personal tax rates‚ we could
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United Breweries Ltd. is engaged in manufacture‚ purchase and sale of beer and solely operates in India. UBL has an overall market share of 50%‚ whereas Kingfisher Strong and Kingfisher Premium Lager are the two most prominent brands with respective volume shares of 26% and 14% in 2010. In 2008 Heineken acquired Scottish & Newcastle’s 37.5% share in United Breweries. The company has grown steadily over the last years with sales and EBIT hitting 27.7 and 2.5 billion rupee respectively in
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Yet Another Scandal The Allied Irish Bank Case Written by Hans Raj Nahata and Felix Stauber under supervision of Professor Michael Pinedo‚ Stern School of Business‚ New York University. For classroom use only. Introduction This is a short story of failures. It is rather a chilling story of how a single person‚ under the most common work circumstances‚ can lose $750 millions! And he does so‚ by bullying his subordinates‚ intimidating his colleagues‚ threatening his
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• Therefore recessionary periods tend towards a deficit. In the case of this recession of course it was exacerbated by the financial crisis‚ which involved the government paying out very large sums of money to support the banking system. • The budget deficit in the financial year just ending will be c£150bn‚ more than 11% of GDP. • Another way of looking at it is to say that over 20% of government spending this year will be paid for by borrowing. This is not sustainable. • Alistair Darling‚
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FINANCIAL STATEMENTS AND CASH FLOW 1. Liquidity measures how quickly and easily an asset can be converted to cash without significant loss in value. It’s desirable for firms to have high liquidity so that they have a large factor of safety in meeting short-term creditor demands. However‚ since liquidity also has an opportunity cost associated with it - namely that higher returns can generally be found by investing the cash into productive assets - low liquidity levels are also desirable to the
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