Tutor comments/marks Introduction There are many different leadership and management theories‚ some of which may appear contradictory. The Author will briefly outline why they think there are so many different theories and the differences and similarities between managing and leading and how this contributes to such a vast literature on leadership and management. The Author will outline how theoretical ideas about leadership and management have changed over time using wider reading and
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(1965)‚ Organisational Psychology (Engelwood Cliffs‚ NJ: Prentice-Hall) Menninger‚ K‚ M.D.‚ The Vital Balance‚ The Viking Press‚ New York‚ 1963 Levinson‚ H‚ et al. Management and Mental Health‚ Harvard University Press‚ Cambridge‚ Ma‚ 1966 Kotter‚ J. P. and Schlesinger‚ L. A. (1979)‚ ‘Choosing strategies for change’‚ Harvard Business Review‚ Vol. 57‚ no. 2‚ 106-114. Schein‚ E. H. 1980. Organizational Psychology. Englewood Cliffs‚ NJ: Prentice- Hall
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EISENHOWER ADMINISTRATION’S PERCEPTION OF GUATEMALA AND BOLIVIA‚ 1953 AND 1954 . University of Kansas Nerval‚ G Raymont‚ H. (2005). Troubled Neighbours‚ The Story of US- Latin American Relations from FDR to the Present. Cambridge‚ Ma: Westview PRess. Schlesinger‚ S.‚ & Kinzer‚ S. (1999). Bitter Fruit: The Untold Story of the American Coup in Guatemala. In‚ Readings in Neighbourly U.S-Latin American Adversaries (pp. 146-154). Sigmund‚ P Wood‚ B. (1961). The Making of the Good Neighbour Policy. New York:
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Edith Cowan University‚ Joondalup Drive‚ Joondalup‚ 6027‚ Western Australia. Fredericks‚ Joan O‚ Salter‚ James M II. Management Review. New York: May 1995. Vol. 84‚ Iss. 5; pg.29‚ 4 pgs Heskett‚ J. L.‚ Jones‚ T. O.‚ Loveman‚ G. W‚ Sasser‚ W. E. & Schlesinger‚ L. A. (1994). Putting the service profit chain to work. Harvard Business Review (March-April). Kotler‚ P‚Fitzroy‚P& Shaw‚R. (1980). Australian Marketing Management. South Melbourne‚Australia: Prentice Hall of Australia Pty Ltd. Line Lervik Olsen;
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Historical development of strategic management Birth of strategic management Strategic management as a discipline originated in the 1950s and 60s. Although there were numerous early contributors to the literature‚ the most influential pioneers were Alfred Chandler‚ Philip Selznick‚ Igor Ansoff‚ and Peter Drucker. Alfred Chandler recognized the importance of coordinating the various aspects of management under one all-encompassing strategy. Prior to this time the various functions of management
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References: ____Yukl‚ G. (1998). Leadership in Organizations. (4th ed.). Upper Saddle River‚ NJ: Prentice Hall_____ Kotter‚ P. John‚ (1996). Leading Change‚ Boston: Harvard Business School Press_____Lawson‚ R.B.‚ Shen‚ Z. (1998). Organizational Psychology. Oxford: Oxford University Press_____Robbins‚ P. Stephen‚ (1990). Organization Theory - Structure‚ Design‚ and Applications
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Britain’s command and acts. These new economic developments‚ more than any political differences between Britain and the colonies provoked the American revolution. Many historians‚ like Frederick Jackson Turner‚ Carl Becker‚ Charles Beard‚ Arthur M. Schlesinger are some of many that believe in the socio-economic reasons in which sparked this Revolution. The revolution had started when Britain had left the American colonies alone for a little while‚ in which they commenced to be independent and
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effective health care managers”‚ Health Care Manager‚ 24 (2)‚ 124-128. Kerr‚ S. (2002) ‘Tear Down These Walls! How To Leverage Intellectual Capital’‚ Balanced Scorecard Report‚ July-August. Kotter‚ J.P. (1990) A Force For Change: How Leadership Differs from Management‚ Simon and Schluster‚ New York. Kotter‚ J. P.‚ (2001) “What leaders really do?” Harvard Business Review‚ Vol. 79 Issue 11‚ p.85-96. Kouzes‚ J.M. and Posner‚ B.Z. (1989) The Leadership Challenge – How to Get Extraordinary Things
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Free Press‚ New York. [27]Kiel‚ L.D. (1994) Managing Chaos and Complexity in Government‚ Jossey-Bass‚ San Francisco‚ CA [28]Kippenberger‚ T. (1998a) ’Planned change: kurt lewin ’s legacy ’‚77M? Antidote‚ Vol [29]Kotter‚ J.P. Leading Change‚ Hovard Business School Press‚ 1996 [30]Kotter‚J.P.‚ The Heart Of Change‚ Bucuresti‚Ed [31]Lee‚ M. (1999) ’The lie of power: empowerment as impotence ’. [32]Lewin‚ 1946; Bargal and Bar‚ 1992) [33]Lewin‚ G [34]Lewin‚ K. (1943a) ’Psychological ecology ’‚ in: D
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jstor‚org/stable/3381192.(Accessed 24/07/2010) Roscign‚ V J and Hodson‚R (2004)‚The Organizational and Social Foundation of Worker Resistance‚ American Sociological Review‚ Vol 69 Available from: http://www.jstor‚org Accessed 24/07/2010) Kotter‚P J and Schlesinger‚L A (2008)‚Choosing Strategies for Change‚ Harward Business Review Available from: http://search.ebscohost.com Accessed 25/07/2010)
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