PCR0025 Critical Thinking All Foundation ONLINE NOTES LOGICAL FALLACIES Logical fallacy: An argument that contains a mistake in reasoning. 2 major groups: 1. Fallacies of relevance 2. Fallacies of insufficient evidence Fallacies of Relevance Mistakes in reasoning that occur because the premises are logically irrelevant to the conclusions. 1. Personal Attack 2. Attacking the motive 3. Look Who’s Talking (Tu Quoque) 4. Two Wrongs Make a Right 5. Scare Tactics 6. Appeal to Pity 7
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questions: · What are some examples of bias‚ fallacies‚ and specific rhetorical devices in the speech? · How did the speaker address arguments and counter arguments? · Were the speaker’s arguments effective? Explain your answer. This speech was done before election time of the new governor. This video had many examples of fallacies. “Using emotion the wrong way most often creates what is known as a fallacy. Fallacies occur when you use an illogical argument.” The running
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Based on my experience‚ Fallacies of Premises categories “…involve illegitimate citation or discussion of evidence.” are the most common fallacious interpretive approaches. The fallacy of Partial Evidence is one of the most used types of fallacies of premise‚ “Limitations of time or implicit commitment to a preunderstanding can cause the student to deal with only a part of the relevant evidence‚ leading to a skewed interpretation.” An example is when someone uses only partial information they have
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Assumptions and Fallacies Write a 150- to 200-word response to each of the following questions: • What are assumptions? How do you think assumptions might interfere with critical thinking? What might you do to avoid making assumptions in your thinking? • What are fallacies? How are fallacies used in written‚ oral‚ and visual arguments? What might you do to avoid fallacies in your thinking? 1. According to The Random House Dictionary‚ assumptions is the act of taking for granted or supposing
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Charles Foster Kane campaigning for Governor‚ there were many examples of bias‚ fallacies‚ and rhetorical devices. An example of political bias in his speech was when Kane said that “every straw vote‚ every independent poll shows that I’ll be elected”. This shows political bias because it is an opinion of Charles Foster Kane and there is not any supporting evidence to prove that what Kane says is the truth. Examples of fallacies present in this speech would be in the beginning of his speech where Kane
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Logical Fallacies Journal Among the twelve common logical fallacies you learned from the Purdue website‚ which ones exert the most influence on your behavior as a consumer? Hasty generalization has mostly influenced my behavior as a consumer‚ here’s why. I enjoy shopping at Wal-Mart‚ they said they have: • The lowest prices • Grocery shopping • Cheap prices at the pharmacy • Unbeatable price match After analyzing
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Tragic hero Exposition He is a hardworking and considerate father to his sons‚ Chris and Larry and a caring and loving husband to his wife Kate. The audience knows this because early in the play‚ of Act 1‚ he says to Chris‚ "Because what the hell did I work for? That’s only for you Chris‚ the whole shootin’ match for you!" The audience believes this because throughout the play they see no evidence of Joe indulging in any of the human weaknesses‚ which would squander his money He is an easy-going
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«12 angry men» In the movie «12 angry men»‚ one can explore a variety of fallacies and generalizations. Each juror except for one comes in with a verdict of «Guilty»‚ but by using critical thinking the reasons to support their claim are dismissed one by one. Except for Juror number three who is the last one to change his verdict. He disregards all critical reasoning and sticks to his initial claim using multiple fallacies to support it. He is clearly prejudiced towards the defendant no mater the
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• Government spending fallacy • Some government spending is essential • Public works providing employment concern • Effects of taxes • Risk and reward Commentary: Many economist believe in the fallacy that the government can keep on spending without taxing. This belief is set straight by the reality of “national insolvency or a runaway inflation.” Whatever the government spends must be paid out in the form of taxes and the sooner the better. But not all government spending is bad. There is still
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University of Phoenix Material Grade= 6/6=3 Rhetorical Strategies and Fallacies Worksheet The following are some common rhetorical strategies: Innuendo: a leading suggestion Stereotype: generalized statements relating to a group of people Loaded questions: questions based on unjustified assumptions Hyperbole: an extreme exaggeration Identify the rhetorical strategy in each of the following statements. 1. I did not say the meat was tough. I said I did not see the horse that is usually
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