Experiment No. 9 INTEGRATED CONCEPTS OF EQUILIBRIUM RESULTS AND DISCUSSION A system in equilibrium can be affected by the addition of another reagent leading to a change in chemical equation with a new equilibrium constant. An overall reaction is the sum of two or more reaction steps with different equilibrium constants. The overall equilibrium constant‚ Koverall‚ is the product of the equilibrium constants of the individual reaction step. If a reaction step is reversed‚ the equilibrium
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Table of Observations Compound Flame Color Strontium Chloride strong dark orange red Strontium Nitrate bright orange Copper II Nitrate bright green Copper II Chloride strong light green Sodium Nitrate strong orange Sodium Chloride a soft orange Potassium Nitrate soft peach Potassium Chloride peach with orange outline
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ACIDS‚ BASES AND SALTS 1. What are indicators? What are the different types of indicators? An indicator is a dye which changes colour when put into an acid or a base. The different kinds of indicators are- Natural indicators- Litmus is a natural indicator‚ litmus solution is a purple dye which is extracted from a plant called lichen. Litmus turns red in acidic solutions and blue in basic solutions. Other
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antiperspirant 6 Ammonium bromide NH4Br Used in photography 7 Ammonium chloride NH4Cl Used in photography 8 Ammonium carbonate (NH4)2CO3 Smelling salts 9 CaCO3 Limestone/chalk 10 Sodium chloride NaCl Table salt 11 Calcium chloride CaCl2 De-icer for snow on roads 12 Calcium hypochlorite Ca(ClO)2 Swimming pool disinfectant 13 Ammonium nitrate NH4NO3 Used in fertilizer 14 Ammonium phosphate Na3PO4 Used in fertilizer 15 Calcium oxide CaO Used to make plaster 16 Carbon dioxide CO2 Dry ice 17 Chromium
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solute in the solution? 4. A student wants to make a 5.00 % solution of rubidium chloride using 0.377 g of the substance. What mass of water will be needed to make the solution? 5. What mass of lithium nitrate would have to be dissolved in 30.0 g of water in order to make an 18.0 % solution? 6. What mass of cobalt(II) chloride would be needed tin order to make 650.0 mL of a 4.0% cobalt (II) chloride solution? 7. A saline solution is 0.9% NaCl. What mass of NaCl and water would
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which‚ in this case‚ was 85% phosphoric acid. Dehydration can be defined as any chemical reaction which involves the removal of a water molecule from a substance. During the experiment‚ anhydrous calcium chloride was provided as a drying agent to ensure that pure cyclohexene was obtained‚ calcium chloride works by binding itself to the water molecule thus removing it in the process. After the dehydrating process was completed‚ a few tests using Potassium Permanganate solution and Bromine which were
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of compounds forms between a. Potassium and iodine ion .b.Sodium and sulphide ions . c. Aluminums and chloride ions 2. Why does milk sour when kept for a long time/ 3. What happen when hydrogen combine with oxygen in presence of electric current/ 4. Define electrolysis. 5. What is decomposition reaction? Give an example 6. Calcium oxide react with water to form calcium oxide. What type of reaction is it? 7. What happen when ferrous sulphate is heated? 8. What happen
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reaction aA + bB cC + dD‚ the equilibrium constant expression is keq = [C]c[D]d/[A]a[B]b. The value of the constant that reflects the solubility of a compound is referred to as the solubility product constant‚ or the ksp. The solubility product constant can be calculated using the equation: Ksp = [k+][HC4H4O6-]. On the other hand‚ the solubility of a compound refers to the concentration of a solute in equilibrium with undissolved solute in a saturated solution. In this experiment‚ the solubility and
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be reacted with hydrochloric acid and the gaseous product was to be reacted with a suspended drop of barium carbonate. The presence of clouding in the droplet would also confirm the presence of carbonate anions. Silver nitrate was to be added to chloride solution and the
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presentation itself‚ it stated the impacts of road salts and deicers‚ the state uses on the roadways during the winter months. The most commonly used road salt is sodium chloride‚ which is also the most inexpensive and readily available. Recently after more than a half century of its widespread use in North America‚ the use of sodium chloride on the roadways have come under scrutiny by the environmental and scientific communities as well as regulators and legislators. The main residual effects of road
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