Enzymes and their importance in plants and animals (25 marks) Enzymes are biological catalysts‚ which accelerate the speed of chemical reactions in the body without being used up or changed in the process. Animals and plants contain enzymes which help break down fats‚ carbohydrates and proteins into smaller molecules the cells can use to get energy and carry out the processes that allow the plant or animal to survive. Without enzymes‚ most physiological processes would not take place. Hundreds of
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BIOLOGY HSC NOTES MAINTAINING A BALANCE • Identify the role of enzymes in metabolism‚ describe their chemical composition and use a simple model to describe their specificity on substrates. Enzymes are protein molecules that allow the body to engage in chemical reactions‚ such as metabolism. There activities can be catalytic (being able to control the rate of either increasing/decreasing chemical reaction) Enzymes have a specific shape‚ and this shape must be intact‚ otherwise the effectiveness
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cheese. Lactic acid bacteria(LAB)‚ a bacteria that can be found in the production of cheese‚ its stress gene was investigated in the experiment by using various biochemical and genetic techniques to identify and extract. The characterisation of the strain illustrates how identification of strains differ using different methods‚ such as gram stain and 16s rRNA screening. After the characterisation‚ the stress gene isolation assist the further understanding of the gene on LAB be giving different stress
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Temperature Affecting Enzyme Activity Introduction The basic properties of life revolve around chemical reactions. Without the presence of enzymes some of life’s processes would not come so easily. Enzymes are basically proteins‚ which have specific shapes for different substrates. Enzymes change the rate in chemical reactions. It does this without having to change its own shape‚ which makes enzymes different from other proteins. A common enzyme that we have is catalase‚ which breaks down
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started. 4) The timer was stopped after two minutes had passed and then the results of how many mL of foam were produced were taken down. 10 mL was subtracted from the end result due to the initial mL of the starting materials added. 5) Steps 1 – 4 were repeated for the follow concentrations 1%‚ 2%‚ 4%‚ 6%. 6) The entire practical was repeated three times to try and insure that there were no outlines or errors. Concentration of hydrogen peroxide Test 1 Test 2 1% 31ml 35ml 2% 70ml 55ml 4% 150ml
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References: * Alkhinji‚ A.‚ 2011. Measuring DNA concentration with the Nanodrop Spectrophotometer. Fero Lab: Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center * Garrett‚ R.H.‚ Grisham‚ C.M.‚ 2010. Biochemistry‚ Ed 4. Brooks/Cole Cengage Learning * Snyder‚ L.‚ Champness‚ W.‚ 2007. Molecular genetics of bacteria‚ Ed 3. American society for microbiology * Varsani‚ A.‚ Heinemann‚ J.‚ Tisch‚ M.‚ 2013. BCHM231/202 S1 Lab Manual: Foundations in Molecular Biology. School of Biological Sciences. University of Canterbury
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they come into contact with atmospheric oxygen. As the pH of solution increases‚ so does the degree of browning of the apple slice. Low pH solutions will cause the enzyme to be inactivated and therefore cause the degree of browning to decrease. As the pH increases so does the degree of browning‚ because the pH becomes closer to the enzymes optimum pH level. Independent Variable: The pH solutions that the apple pieces are placed into. Range of pH levels to be tested is 3‚ 6‚ 8‚ 10‚ and 12. Each solution
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AN INSIGHT INTO THE WORLD OF CHANDIGARH The City Beautiful Chandigarh is a city and union territory in India that serves as the capital of two states‚ Punjab and Haryana . It is also referred to as The City Beautiful due to its beautiful surroundings‚ central grid of gardens‚ each dedicated to different species of flora. The city of Chandigarh was the first planned city in India and is known internationally for its architecture and urban design. The city has projects designed by architects
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Enzymes are biological catalysts that speed up chemical reactions by lowering the amount of activation energy needed to start the reaction and let the reaction occur at temperatures found in living cells. The way that enzymes do this is explained with the lock and key hypothesis. This hypothesis says enzymes have a specific shape called the active site which is different between different enzymes. Molecules called the substrate that participates in the reaction also have a specific shape that can
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Division Ave. High School Ms. Foglia AP Biology Metabolism & Enzymes AP Biology 2007-2008 Forms of Energy Energy Is the capacity to cause change Exists in various forms‚ of which some can perform work Kinetic energy Is the energy associated with motion Potential energy Is stored in the location of matter Includes chemical energy stored in molecular structure AP Biology 1 Division Ave. High School Ms. Foglia AP Biology Energy
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