a. The bacteria that causes botulism are found in soil‚ water‚ animal guts and dung. When the spores exposed to low oxygen and certain temperature‚ they produce botulinum toxin‚ able to germinate‚ metabolize‚ food sources through an aerobic respiration to produce toxin. The toxin blocks the release of acetylcholine from motor nerve endings causing paralysis symptoms. The botulism either food born‚ eating contaminated home-canned foods where the fermentation takes place. or through abrasion in the
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Halobacterium Lab Investigation Mason Pirio 12/12/13 Period 5 Table Group 3 PS 2- Experiment Design PS 3- Conclusion Writing PS 13- Nitrogen Cycle Abstract- In this experiment we tested to see how well halobacterium grows in different levels of salinity. We found out that the higher salinity in the growth medium the better the halobacterium grows. Background Information- Halobacterium is a bacteria that is found in the great salt lake. Halobacterium is an extremeophile which means it thrives
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Experiment 3: ANALYSIS OF UNKNOWN ACID SAMPLE USING TITRATION METHOD Date of Experiment: 4 September 2012 Introduction An acid-base titration is a procedure used in quantitative chemical analysis to determine the concentration of either an acid or a base. Titration is the slow addition of an acid (or a base) of known concentration from a burette (a narrow graduated cylinder) to a base (or an acid) of unknown concentration fin an Erlenmeyer
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PRACTICAL REPORT ON THE ISOLATION AND IDENTIFICATION OF CODEINE AND PARACETAMOLPRACTICAL REPORT ON THE ISOLATION AND IDENTIFICATION OF CODEINE AND PARACETAMOL AIM: To extract codeine and paracetamol from its tablet by solvent extraction and tentatively identify in comparison to standards using Thin Layer Chromatography. INTRODUCTION: Codeine or methyl morphine‚ an alkaloid‚ was first isolated in 1832 from raw opium. It concentration ranges from 0.2% to 0.8%. Mostly used for its analgesic‚
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Separating Substances: Identifying Food Dyes with TLC Background The color of food is an integral part of our culture and enjoyment of life. Who would deny the mouth-watering appeal of a deep-pink strawberry ice cream on a hot summer’s day or a golden Thanksgiving turkey garnished with fresh green parsley? Even early civilizations such as the Romans recognized that people "eat with their eyes" as well as their palates. Saffron and other spices were often used to provide a rich yellow color
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substance. In this lab the densities of unknown irregularly shaped solids and liquids was determined. Accuracy and precision of the results will be estimated‚ and attention will be paid to the correct use of the significant figures. The experiment approach that will be used will tell the mass and volume of the metal and liquid determined by measuring these two quantities with a graduated cylinder and biuret. Procedure: a) The density of metals First I obtained a quantity of unknown metal. Recording
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Citrate Test: Some bacteria can use citrate as a source of carbon. To test if the unknown bacteria uses citrate as a source of carbon‚ Simmon’s citrate agar was used as the medium on which the bacteria was grown. The Simmon’s citrate agar consists of sodium citrate as the source of carbon‚ ammonium dihydrogen phosphate as the source of nitrogen along with pH indicator such as bromothymol blue. Procedure: The Citratase activity was detected by inoculating the unknown bacteria on the slant surface
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Goldfish ABSTRACT The abstract is a condensed version of the entire lab report (approximately 250 words). A reader uses the abstract to quickly understand the purpose‚ methods‚ results and significance of your research without reading the entire paper. Abstracts or papers published in scholarly journals are useful to you when you are conducting library research‚ because you can quickly determine whether the research report will be relevant to your topic. The material in the abstract is written
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is heating‚ also monitor the temperature of the cold water to find when it reaches equilibrium. Record the temperature of the cold water to the nearest 0.2°C. When the water being heated reaches 70°C-80°C‚ remove from the heat and let it sit on the lab bench‚ stirring occasionally. Record the temperature of the hot water to the nearest 0.2°C. Quickly‚ remove the lid from the calorimeter and pour in the hot water. Replace the lid. Stir for 30 seconds‚ then begin monitoring the temperature of the combined
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The purpose of this lab was to determine the effects of changes in variables such as temperature‚ pH and concentration on catalase enzyme activity. Proteins are organic compounds made up of amino acid subunits consisting of carboxyl and amino functional groups‚ linked together by peptide bonds through condensation reactions. They are an essential part of all living organisms. Enzymes are “biological catalyst used to speed up chemical reactions (Athanasopoulos‚ 2014). Normally‚ for chemical reactions;
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